历代志下第28章

《圣经》历代志下-第28章

代下28:1 亚哈斯登基的时候年二十岁，在耶路撒冷作王十六年；不象他祖大卫行耶和华眼中看为正的事， (串)本章1-4王下16:1-4

[kjv]Ahaz was twenty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem: but he did not that which was right in the sight of the LORD, like David his father:

本会注释　　本章记录亚哈斯的统治，与王下16章相对应。《历代志》的记录，在总体上比《列王纪》详细，但没有提到《列王记》里描写的几个细节。

代下28:2 却行以色列诸王的道，又铸造巴力的像， (串)出34:17|士2:11

[kjv]For he walked in the ways of the kings of Israel, and made also molten images for Baalim.

本会注释　　见@士2:11@注释，又见王上16:31；王下1:2；代下21:6；22:3；24:7。

代下28:3 并且在欣嫩子谷烧香，用火焚烧他的儿女，行耶和华在以色列人面前所驱逐的外邦人那可憎的事； (串)书15:8|利18:21代下33:6|申18:9代下33:2

[kjv]Moreover he burnt incense in the valley of the son of Hinnom, and burnt his children in the fire, after the abominations of the heathen whom the LORD had cast out before the children of Israel.

本会注释　　欣嫩子谷。在耶路撒冷的西面和南面（见书15:8；18:16）。在这里举行迦南宗教最残忍最恶心的仪式。
　　焚烧他的儿女。显然作为献给摩洛的燔祭（见@利18:21；20:2@；@申18:10；32:17@注释）。献人祭是巴勒斯坦最恐怖的罪行之一，在犹大的历史中，时有举行这样的宗教仪式（耶7:31；19:2-6；32:35；结16:20,21）。

代下28:4 并在邱坛上、山冈上、各青翠树下献祭烧香。

[kjv]He sacrificed also and burnt incense in the high places, and on the hills, and under every green tree.

代下28:5 所以，耶和华他的上帝将他交在亚兰王手里。亚兰王打败他，掳了他许多的民，带到大马色去。上帝又将他交在以色列王手里，以色列王向他大行杀戮。

[kjv]Wherefore the LORD his God delivered him into the hand of the king of Syria; and they smote him, and carried away a great multitude of them captives, and brought them to Damascus. And he was also delivered into the hand of the king of Israel, who smote hi

本会注释　　见@代下22:8@注释。

代下28:6 利玛利的儿子比加一日杀了犹大人十二万，都是勇士，因为他们离弃了耶和华他们列祖的上帝。 (串)王下15:27;16:5赛7:1

[kjv]For Pekah the son of Remaliah slew in Judah an hundred and twenty thousand in one day, which were all valiant men; because they had forsaken the LORD God of their fathers.

本会注释　　上帝一旦收回了保护，人就会悲惨地发现自己所选择的主非常残酷。在蒙受了如此重大的损失以后，亚兰人和以色列人围攻耶路撒冷就没有什么阻碍了。但他们没有占领耶路撒冷（王下16:5）。盟国的目的是想废黜亚哈斯，由他们立一个新的统治者（赛7:6）。赛7:2生动地描写了亚哈斯的恐惧。

代下28:7 有一个以法莲中的勇士，名叫细基利，杀了王的儿子玛西雅和管理王宫的押斯利甘，并宰相以利加拿。

[kjv]And Zichri, a mighty man of Ephraim, slew Maaseiah the king's son, and Azrikam the governor of the house, and Elkanah that was next to the king.

本会注释　　管理王宫的。显然是王宫的总管（见王上4:6；18:3）。
　　宰相。参撒上23:17；斯10:3。提到这三个重要人物的死，是因为他们与亚哈斯的亲密关系。打击他们就是打击国王。

代下28:8 以色列人掳了他们的弟兄，连妇人带儿女共有二十万，又掠了许多的财物，带到撒玛利亚去了。 (串)代下11:4

[kjv]And the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand, women, sons, and daughters, and took also away much spoil from them, and brought the spoil to Samaria.

本会注释　　这些是充当奴隶的妇女和儿童。

代下28:9 但那里有耶和华的一个先知，名叫俄德，出来迎接往撒玛利亚去的军兵，对他们说：“因为耶和华你们列祖的上帝恼怒犹大人，所以将他们交在你们手里，你们竟怒气冲天，大行杀戮。 (串)赛47:6|拉9:6耶51:9启18:5

[kjv]But a prophet of the LORD was there, whose name was Oded: and he went out before the host that came to Samaria, and said unto them, Behold, because the LORD God of your fathers was wroth with Judah, he hath delivered them into your hand, and ye have slain

本会注释　　一个先知。这段（第9-15节）关于俘虏回家的内容，只记录在《历代志》中。
　　上帝恼怒犹大人。上帝要以色列人明白，他们取得这场战争的胜利，不是靠他们自己的本领，而是因为犹大的罪。上帝从犹大收回保护的手，使以色列有可能取胜。
　　怒气冲天。上帝从犹大收回保护，并不意味着以色列可以对自己的邻居采取严厉残忍的手段。上帝无限公义，“不轻易发怒，并有丰盛的慈爱，赦免罪孽和过犯，万不以有罪的为无罪”（民14:18）。上帝允许亚述成为惩罚祂子民的工具，但也预言祂“必罚亚述王自大的心”（赛10:5-12；见@代下2:8@注释）。

代下28:10 如今你们又有意强逼犹大人和耶路撒冷人作你们的奴婢，你们岂不也有得罪耶和华你们上帝的事吗？

[kjv]And now ye purpose to keep under the children of Judah and Jerusalem for bondmen and bondwomen unto you: but are there not with you, even with you, sins against the LORD your God?

本会注释　　你们自己有没有得罪上帝，应该受同样的惩罚呢？你们自己是否完全无辜，对自己的弟兄发怒，能被上天视为道理？

代下28:11 现在你们当听我说，要将掳来的弟兄释放回去，因为耶和华向你们已经大发烈怒。”

[kjv]Now hear me therefore, and deliver the captives again, which ye have taken captive of your brethren: for the fierce wrath of the LORD is upon you.

本会注释　　要将掳来的弟兄释放回去。上帝藉着摩西明令禁止以色列人奴役自己的弟兄（利25:42-46）。
　　向你们。以色列人已目睹上帝的烈怒临到犹大人时，他们所遭受的厄运。上帝的烈怒现已转向以色列，这引起了一些以色列领袖的认真思考。

代下28:12 于是，以法莲人的几个族长，就是约哈难的儿子亚撒利雅、米实利末的儿子比利家、沙龙的儿子耶希西家、哈得莱的儿子亚玛撒起来拦挡出兵回来的人，

[kjv]Then certain of the heads of the children of Ephraim, Azariah the son of Johanan, Berechiah the son of Meshillemoth, and Jehizkiah the son of Shallum, and Amasa the son of Hadlai, stood up against them that came from the war,

本会注释　　这里把北方支派的一些族长称为“以法莲人 ”（见赛7:2,5,9；何5:9-14）。

代下28:13 对他们说：“你们不可带进这被掳的人来！你们想要使我们得罪耶和华，加增我们的罪恶过犯？因为我们的罪过甚大，已经有烈怒临到以色列人了。”

[kjv]And said unto them, Ye shall not bring in the captives hither: for whereas we have offended against the LORD already, ye intend to add more to our sins and to our trespass: for our trespass is great, and there is fierce wrath against Israel.

代下28:14 于是带兵器的人将掳来的人口和掠来的财物都留在众首领和会众的面前。

[kjv]So the armed men left the captives and the spoil before the princes and all the congregation.

代下28:15 以上提名的那些人就站起，使被掳的人前来；其中有赤身的，就从所掠的财物中拿出衣服和鞋来，给他们穿，又给他们吃喝，用膏抹他们；其中有软弱的，就使他们骑驴，送到棕树城耶利哥他们弟兄那里；随后就回撒玛利亚去了。 (串)民1:17代下31:19|王下6:22箴25:21-22罗12:20|申34:3士1:16;3:13

[kjv]And the men which were expressed by name rose up, and took the captives, and with the spoil clothed all that were naked among them, and arrayed them, and shod them, and gave them to eat and to drink, and anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them u

本会注释　　棕树城耶利哥。参申34:3。

代下28:16 那时，亚哈斯王差遣人去见亚述诸王，求他们帮助； (串)王下16:7

[kjv]At that time did king Ahaz send unto the kings of Assyria to help him.

本会注释　　第16-21节记录亚哈斯向亚述求助，与王下16:7-9相对应。又见赛7,8章。

代下28:17 因为以东人又来攻击犹大，掳掠子民。

[kjv]For again the Edomites had come and smitten Judah, and carried away captives.

代下28:18 非利士人也来侵占高原和犹大南方的城邑，取了伯示麦、亚雅仑、基低罗，梭哥和属梭哥的乡村，亭纳和属亭纳的乡村，瑾锁和属瑾锁的乡村，就住在那里。 (串)结16:27,57|书15:33-36|民21:25

[kjv]The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the low country, and of the south of Judah, and had taken Bethshemesh, and Ajalon, and Gederoth, and Shocho with the villages thereof, and Timnah with the villages thereof, Gimzo also and the villages thereof

本会注释　　非利士人。非利士人曾受到乌西雅的沉重打击（代下26:6）。他们急于要报复。他们所夺取的城市都是在犹大和非利士人经常有争议的地带。
　　就住在那里。这些不是小规模的边境骚扰，而是重大的军事行动，占领和控制了所夺取的地区一段时间。

代下28:19 因为以色列王亚哈斯在犹大放肆，大大干犯耶和华，所以耶和华使犹大卑微。

[kjv]For the LORD brought Judah low because of Ahaz king of Israel; for he made Judah naked, and transgressed sore against the LORD.

代下28:20 亚述王提革拉毗尼色上来，却没有帮助他，反倒欺凌他。 (串)代上5:6,26王下15:29;16:7

[kjv]And Tilgathpilneser king of Assyria came unto him, and distressed him, but strengthened him not.

本会注释　　提革拉毗列色。指亚述王提革拉毗列色三世（公元前745-727），是亚述皇帝中最伟大的征服者之一。据亚述年表（Assyrian Eponym Canon，或limmu list，见本书卷二第55,155页），他于公元前734年与非利士人作战；在公元前733年和732年攻打大马士革。这些战役可能是他对亚哈斯求助的反应。
　　欺凌他。亚述王对亚哈斯或犹大人的利益并不关心。他攻打亚兰和非利士是为了自己和自己国家的利益。亚述人既要消灭其他民族，也要消灭希伯来人。亚哈斯和希西家不久就会看到这一点。

代下28:21 亚哈斯从耶和华殿里和王宫中，并首领家内所取的财宝给了亚述王，这也无济于事。 (串)王下16:8

[kjv]For Ahaz took away a portion out of the house of the LORD, and out of the house of the king, and of the princes, and gave it unto the king of Assyria: but he helped him not.

本会注释　　亚哈斯伤心地得悉亚述王的贪婪是不容易满足的。他的愚蠢做法只能带来悲伤和苦恼。

代下28:22 这亚哈斯王在急难的时候，越发得罪耶和华。

[kjv]And in the time of his distress did he trespass yet more against the LORD: this is that king Ahaz.

本会注释　　亚哈斯没有从痛苦学到教训，反而顽梗不化，错上加错，把他的百姓带到灭亡的路上。

代下28:23 他祭祀攻击他的大马色之神，说：“因为亚兰王的神帮助他们，我也献祭与它，它好帮助我。”但那些神使他和以色列众人败亡了。 (串)代下25:14|耶44:17-18

[kjv]For he sacrificed unto the gods of Damascus, which smote him: and he said, Because the gods of the kings of Syria help them, therefore will I sacrifice to them, that they may help me. But they were the ruin of him, and of all Israel.

本会注释　　亚哈斯本应认识到他的苦难是因为他离开了上帝。可是他却更加怨恨上帝，所采取的行径使他自己和国家遭受更重的惩罚。提革拉毗列色攻克大马士革以后，亚哈斯前去向这位亚述国王表示敬意。他在那里看见一个祭坛，就仿造了一个，放在耶路撒冷的圣殿前，代替原来的铜坛（见王下16:9-16）。

代下28:24 亚哈斯将上帝殿里的器皿都聚了来，毁坏了，且封锁耶和华殿的门；在耶路撒冷各处的拐角建筑祭坛， (串)代下29:19王下16:17|代下29:3,7|代下30:14

[kjv]And Ahaz gathered together the vessels of the house of God, and cut in pieces the vessels of the house of God, and shut up the doors of the house of the LORD, and he made him altars in every corner of Jerusalem.

本会注释　　毁坏了。见@王下16:17@注释。圣殿的神圣器皿似乎遭遇了一场浩劫。
　　封锁耶和华殿的门。亚哈斯停止了圣殿的崇祀，熄灭了灯火，不再烧香和献祭（代下29:7）。
　　各处的拐角建筑祭坛。一个大燔祭坛具有强大的影响力，让百姓认识到只有一位真神。而遍布耶路撒冷的祭坛则宣扬亚哈斯所倡导的多神论。

代下28:25 又在犹大各城建立邱坛，与别神烧香，惹动耶和华他列祖上帝的怒气。 (串)王下22:17代下34:25

[kjv]And in every several city of Judah he made high places to burn incense unto other gods, and provoked to anger the LORD God of his fathers.

本会注释　　邱坛。参第2-4。
　　惹动。参申32:16,17。

代下28:26 亚哈斯其余的事和他的行为，自始至终都写在犹大和以色列诸王记上。 (串)王下16:19-20

[kjv]Now the rest of his acts and of all his ways, first and last, behold, they are written in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel.

代下28:27 亚哈斯与他列祖同睡，葬在耶路撒冷城里，没有送入以色列诸王的坟墓中。他儿子希西家接续他作王。 (串)代下21:20;24:25|王下16:20

[kjv]And Ahaz slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the city, even in Jerusalem: but they brought him not into the sepulchres of the kings of Israel: and Hezekiah his son reigned in his stead.

本会注释　　参约兰，约阿施和乌西雅的待遇（代下21:20；24:25；26:23）。

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