历代志下第34章

《圣经》历代志下-第34章

代下34:1 约西亚登基的时候年八岁，在耶路撒冷作王三十一年。 (串)本章1-2王下22:1-2

[kjv]Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem one and thirty years.

本会注释　　第34章和35章记录约西亚的统治。其顺序上大部分与王下22章和23章相同。《列王纪》比较详细地叙述了律法书发现以后道德和宗教的改革（王下23:4-20,24-27），简要提到了圣殿的修复（王下22:3-7），逾越节的庆典（王下23:21-23），以及与尼哥的战役（王下23:29,30）。《历代志下》对第十八年的宗教改革则写得比较简单（代下34:33），但说到了第十二年那场更早的反对偶像崇拜的运动（代下34:3-7）；在讲述修复圣殿以及与尼哥的战役时增加了一些细节，但详细叙述了逾越节的庆典（代下35:1-19）。关于发现律法书和重新立约，二位作者的说法几乎是一样的（代下34:14-32；王下22:8至23:3）。在王下22:1，增加了约西亚母亲的名字耶底大。

代下34:2 他行耶和华眼中看为正的事，效法他祖大卫所行的，不偏左右。

[kjv]And he did that which was right in the sight of the LORD, and walked in the ways of David his father, and declined neither to the right hand, nor to the left.

本会注释　　不偏左右。又见王下22:2。只有这位国王得到如此的评价。约西亚就是如此实现了摩西为以色列将来的国王所规定的条件（申17:20；参申5:32；28:14）。

代下34:3 他作王第八年，尚且年幼，就寻求他祖大卫的上帝。到了十二年才洁净犹大和耶路撒冷，除掉邱坛、木偶、雕刻的像，和铸造的像。 (串)代下14:3

[kjv]For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after the God of David his father: and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten imag

本会注释　　第八年。约西亚开始认真考虑自己责任的时候，才十六岁（见第1节）。
　　十二年。第十二年所进行的不是改革的全部，而只是改革的开始。第一场运动导致全国性的捣毁偶像。但改革并不全面。到第十八年，百姓仍依恋偶像崇拜（见《先知与君王》第392,397,398,400,401页）。
　　邱坛。见@代下33:17@注释。

代下34:4 众人在他面前拆毁巴力的坛，砍断坛上高高的日像，又把木偶和雕刻的像，并铸造的像打碎成灰，撒在祭偶像人的坟上， (串)出34:13申7:5;12:3士2:2;6:25|王下23:6

[kjv]And they brake down the altars of Baalim in his presence; and the images, that were on high above them, he cut down; and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images, he brake in pieces, and made dust of them, and strowed it upon the graves of

本会注释　　拆毁。关于约西亚第十二年对偶像采取行动的记录，与《列王纪下》第23章相似，只是《列王纪》把时间放在约西亚第十八年。《列王纪》记录的可能是从第十二年开始的整个改革时期。
　　打碎成灰。就像对待亚伦在旷野里所铸造的金牛犊一样（出32:20）。

代下34:5 将他们祭司的骸骨烧在坛上，洁净了犹大和耶路撒冷； (串)王上13:2王下23:16,20

[kjv]And he burnt the bones of the priests upon their altars, and cleansed Judah and Jerusalem.

本会注释　　不一定都是拜偶像的祭司，因为许多祭司似乎离开了，直到约西亚王第十八年把犹大的祭司迁到耶路撒冷，杀死了以色列的祭司（王下23:5,8,9,19,20）。这些祭司不是利未人（代下11:14,15）。

代下34:6 又在玛拿西、以法莲、西缅、拿弗他利各城，和四围破坏之处，都这样行；

[kjv]And so did he in the cities of Manasseh, and Ephraim, and Simeon, even unto Naphtali, with their mattocks round about.

本会注释　　在玛拿西、以法莲、西缅、拿弗他利各城。约西亚这时采取措施控制原先北方王国的地区。那里亚述的势力开始削减。在约西亚第十八年以前，亚述已进入衰落的最后阶段；巴比伦已经独立。约西亚拆毁了伯特利的祭坛和撒玛利亚的邱坛（王下23:15,19）。
　　破坏之处。即“废墟”。希伯来原意不明。七十士译本为“那些地方”。本节似乎应与下一节连起来：“甚至进入拿弗他利和周围的废墟，拆毁祭坛和亚舍拉”。北方的许多地方已成废墟，在希西家的初期，就已落入亚述人的手中（王下18:9-11）。

代下34:7 又拆毁祭坛，把木偶和雕刻的像打碎成灰，砍断以色列遍地所有的日像，就回耶路撒冷去了。 (串)王下23:6,15申9:21

[kjv]And when he had broken down the altars and the groves, and had beaten the graven images into powder, and cut down all the idols throughout all the land of Israel, he returned to Jerusalem.

代下34:8 约西亚王十八年，净地净殿之后，就差遣亚萨利雅的儿子沙番、邑宰玛西雅、约哈斯的儿子史官约亚去修理耶和华他上帝的殿。 (串)本章8-28王下22:3-20|代下18:25|撒下8:16

[kjv]Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of the LORD his God.

本会注释　　约西亚王十八年。如果把约雅敬第四年算为尼布甲尼撒元年，约西亚死于他三十一年，即公元前609年（据新巴比伦编年史推算，见本书卷二95页），这一年是公元前623/22年。
　　净地净殿。净地净殿以后，约西亚准备开始修复的工作。
　　差遣亚萨利雅的儿子沙番。沙番是书记（王下22:3,10），是国王的主要官员之一。这里列出的其他官员在《列王纪》相应的记录中没有提到。

代下34:9 他们就去见大祭司希勒家，将奉到上帝殿的银子交给他；这银子是看守殿门的利未人从玛拿西、以法莲，和一切以色列剩下的人，以及犹大、便雅悯众人，并耶路撒冷的居民收来的。 (串)代下35:8

[kjv]And when they came to Hilkiah the high priest, they delivered the money that was brought into the house of God, which the Levites that kept the doors had gathered of the hand of Manasseh and Ephraim, and of all the remnant of Israel, and of all Judah and

本会注释　　利未人从犹大居民和原北方王国的居民那里，收取修复圣殿的基金。

代下34:10 又将这银子交给耶和华殿里督工的，转交修理耶和华殿的工匠，

[kjv]And they put it in the hand of the workmen that had the oversight of the house of the LORD, and they gave it to the workmen that wrought in the house of the LORD, to repair and amend the house:

本会注释　　圣殿因为疏忽，显然已遭到很大的损坏。

代下34:11 就是交给木匠、石匠，买凿成的石头和架木与栋梁，修犹大王所毁坏的殿。 (串)尼2:8

[kjv]Even to the artificers and builders gave they it, to buy hewn stone, and timber for couplings, and to floor the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed.

代下34:12 这些人办事诚实，督工的是利未人米拉利的子孙雅哈、俄巴底；督催的是哥辖的子孙撒迦利亚、米书兰；还有善于作乐的利未人。 (串)代上23:5

[kjv]And the men did the work faithfully: and the overseers of them were Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites, of the sons of Merari; and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of the Kohathites, to set it forward; and other of the Levites, all that could skill of in

本会注释　　据王下22：7，“将银子交给办事的人手里，不与他们算帐，因为他们办事诚实。”

代下34:13 他们又监管扛抬的人，督催一切做工的。利未人中也有作书记、作司事、作守门的。 (串)代下2:2,18尼4:10

[kjv]Also they were over the bearers of burdens, and were overseers of all that wrought the work in any manner of service: and of the Levites there were scribes, and officers, and porters.

代下34:14 他们将奉到耶和华殿的银子运出来的时候，祭司希勒家偶然得了摩西所传耶和华的律法书。 (串)申31:26

[kjv]And when they brought out the money that was brought into the house of the LORD, Hilkiah the priest found a book of the law of the LORD given by Moses.

本会注释　　在玛拿西背道期间，圣殿的律法书不见了。可能由于疏忽，也可能是一位忠心的祭司在玛拿西迫害时把它藏起来的（见王下21:16）。

代下34:15 希勒家对书记沙番说：“我在耶和华殿里得了律法书。”遂将书递给沙番。

[kjv]And Hilkiah answered and said to Shaphan the scribe, I have found the book of the law in the house of the LORD. And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan.

本会注释　　在相应的王下22:8里，增加了“沙番就看了”（王下22:8）。

代下34:16 沙番把书拿到王那里，回复王说：“凡交给仆人们办的都办理了。

[kjv]And Shaphan carried the book to the king, and brought the king word back again, saying, All that was committed to thy servants, they do it.

代下34:17 耶和华殿里的银子倒出来，交给督工的和匠人的手里了。”

[kjv]And they have gathered together the money that was found in the house of the LORD, and have delivered it into the hand of the overseers, and to the hand of the workmen.

本会注释　　即把箱子里的钱倒出来。

代下34:18 书记沙番又对王说：“祭司希勒家递给我一卷书。”沙番就在王面前读那书。

[kjv]Then Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying, Hilkiah the priest hath given me a book. And Shaphan read it before the king.

怀爱伦注释　　见怀爱伦注释-|e王下22:10,11|

代下34:19 王听见律法上的话，就撕裂衣服， (串)书7:6

[kjv]And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the law, that he rent his clothes.

本会注释　　约西亚听到上帝的话深受感动。律法书指出，只有顺从才能蒙福；不顺从会带来荒凉和毁灭。他十分清楚自己的国家因犯罪已濒临灭亡。

代下34:20 吩咐希勒家与沙番的儿子亚希甘、米迦的儿子亚比顿、书记沙番，和王的臣仆亚撒雅说： (串)王下25:22耶26:24|王下22:12

[kjv]And the king commanded Hilkiah, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Abdon the son of Micah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah a servant of the king's, saying,

代下34:21 “你们去为我、为以色列和犹大剩下的人，以这书上的话求问耶和华；因我们列祖没有遵守耶和华的言语，没有照这书上所记的去行，耶和华的烈怒就倒在我们身上。” (串)申29:27代下28:25

[kjv]Go, enquire of the LORD for me, and for them that are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found: for great is the wrath of the LORD that is poured out upon us, because our fathers have not kept the word of the LORD, to do

怀爱伦注释　　见怀爱伦注释-|e王下22:13|
　　仍然遵守上帝的话──［引王下22:13］约书亚并不说：“我不知道这本书，而这些都是古时的教训，它已因时间而改变了。”他却吩咐人要考查这事，于是这些人就往户勒大女先知那里去。［引王下22:15-20］
　　在约书亚的日子，上帝的话是有束缚力而必需要听从并要严格地遵着书上所吩咐我们的去行。而在今日，也要与那时一样必须要遵从上帝的话。（《总会公报》1903.4.1）

代下34:22 于是，希勒家和王所派的众人都去见女先知户勒大。户勒大是掌管礼服沙龙的妻，沙龙是哈斯拉的孙子、特瓦的儿子。户勒大住在耶路撒冷第二区；他们请问于他。 (串)番1:10

[kjv]And Hilkiah, and they that the king had appointed, went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of Tikvath, the son of Hasrah, keeper of the wardrobe; (now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college:) and they spake to her to that effect.

怀爱伦注释　　见怀爱伦注释-|e王下22:14|
　　户勒大受到国家最尊荣的会见-约书亚差遣使者到女先知那里去，她乃是受到人民最高而最尊荣的一位先知，他差派他国中的第一批人-就是国中占有可靠的高职位之人，这样，他就把尊荣归与上帝的圣谕了。（《总会公报》1903.4.1）
本会注释　　去见女先知户勒大。见@王下22:14@注释。
　　礼服。直译是“外套”。可能指祭司的长袍或王袍。
　　二区。有译本为“学院”，来自塔古姆文本（见@王下22:14@注释）。

代下34:23 他对他们说：“耶和华以色列的上帝如此说：‘你们可以回复那差遣你们来见我的人说，

[kjv]And she answered them, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Tell ye the man that sent you to me,

本会注释　　关于户勒大的信息，见@王下22:16-20@注释。

代下34:24 耶和华如此说：我必照着在犹大王面前所读那书上的一切咒诅，降祸与这地和其上的居民；

[kjv]Thus saith the LORD, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the curses that are written in the book which they have read before the king of Judah:

代下34:25 因为他们离弃我，向别神烧香，用他们手所做的惹我发怒，所以我的忿怒如火倒在这地上，总不息灭。’ (串)申29:25王下21:22|代下28:3-4,25|申29:27代下12:7

[kjv]Because they have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods, that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands; therefore my wrath shall be poured out upon this place, and shall not be quenched.

代下34:26 然而差遣你们来求问耶和华的犹大王，你们要这样回复他说：‘耶和华以色列的上帝如此说：至于你所听见的话，

[kjv]And as for the king of Judah, who sent you to enquire of the LORD, so shall ye say unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel concerning the words which thou hast heard;

怀爱伦注释　　见怀爱伦注释-|e王下23:29,30|

代下34:27 就是听见我指着这地和其上居民所说的话，你便心里敬服，在我面前自卑，撕裂衣服，向我哭泣，因此我应允了你。这是我耶和华说的。 (串)王上21:29赛57:15

[kjv]Because thine heart was tender, and thou didst humble thyself before God, when thou heardest his words against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, and humbledst thyself before me, and didst rend thy clothes, and weep before me; I have even he

代下34:28 我必使你平平安安的归到坟墓，到你列祖那里，我要降与这地和其上居民的一切灾祸，你也不至亲眼看见。’”他们就回复王去了。

[kjv]Behold, I will gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered to thy grave in peace, neither shall thine eyes see all the evil that I will bring upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of the same. So they brought the king word again.

本会注释　　这个预言是有条件的。由于约西亚没有注意所发的警告，贸然坚持与埃及王作战，结果战伤致死，而没有平安去世（代下35:20-24；见王下23:29,30怀爱伦注释）。他的继位者们也没有得享平安。亚哈斯被掳到埃及，并客死在那里（王下23:34）；约雅敬“被埋葬，好像埋驴一样”，“扔在耶路撒冷城门之外”（耶22:19）；西底家眼见自己的儿子们被杀，然后被弄瞎眼睛，送到巴比伦（王下25:7）。

代下34:29 王差遣人招聚犹大和耶路撒冷的众长老来。 (串)本章29-32王下23:1-3

[kjv]Then the king sent and gathered together all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.

怀爱伦注释　　见怀爱伦注释-|e王下23:1-3|
本会注释　　见内容相同的@王下23:1-3@注释。

代下34:30 王和犹大众人，与耶路撒冷的居民，并祭司利未人，以及所有的百姓，无论大小，都一同上到耶和华的殿；王就把殿里所得的约书念给他们听。

[kjv]And the king went up into the house of the LORD, and all the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the priests, and the Levites, and all the people, great and small: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant that wa

怀爱伦注释　　见怀爱伦注释-|e王下23:2|
本会注释　　利未人。相应的王下23:2是“先知”（王下23:2）。约西亚显然由祭司，利未人和先知陪同。《历代志》说的是祭司和利未人；《列王纪》说的是祭司和先知。

代下34:31 王站在他的地位上，在耶和华面前立约，要尽心尽性地顺从耶和华，遵守他的诫命、法度、律例，成就这书上所记的约言； (串)代下6:13王下11:14;23:3代下30:16;35:10|代下15:12

[kjv]And the king stood in his place, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep his commandments, and his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and with all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant which are wr

代下34:32 又使住耶路撒冷和便雅悯的人都服从这约。于是耶路撒冷的居民都遵行他们列祖之上帝的约。

[kjv]And he caused all that were present in Jerusalem and Benjamin to stand to it. And the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of God, the God of their fathers.

本会注释　　耶路撒冷和便雅悯。一般用“犹大和便雅悯”（代下11:3,23；15:2,9等）。

代下34:33 约西亚从以色列各处将一切可憎之物尽都除掉，使以色列境内的人都事奉耶和华他们的上帝。约西亚在世的日子，就跟从耶和华他们列祖的上帝，总不离开。 (串)代下28:3;33:2

[kjv]And Josiah took away all the abominations out of all the countries that pertained to the children of Israel, and made all that were present in Israel to serve, even to serve the LORD their God. And all his days they departed not from following the LORD, t

本会注释　　除掉。相应的王下23:4-20描写得更加完整（见王下23:4-20）。
　　约西亚在世的日子。约西亚通过他的改革成就了很多善事。他有生之年忠诚的榜样和他充满活力，鼓舞人心的领导作风，使百姓至少在表面上行在上帝的道上。但实际上改革并不持久。罪恶在百姓的生活中已经根深蒂固。他们只是在国王树立正确榜样的时候，抑制着不公开背道。约西亚第十三年（耶1:2），耶利米开始工作，呼吁百姓随从上帝，可是他们不听。他们“还不一心，不过是假意”归向上帝（耶3:10）。

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