马太福音第15章

《圣经》马太福音-第15章

太15:1 那时，有法利赛人和文士从耶路撒冷来见耶稣，说： (串)本章1-20可7:1-23|可3:22

†[吕]那时有法利赛人和经学士从由耶路撒冷来见耶稣说：

†[思]那时，有法利塞人和经师，从耶路撒冷来到耶稣跟前说：

†[当代]有几个法利赛人和律法教师从耶路撒冷来质问耶稣说：

†[新译]有法利赛人和经学家从耶路撒冷前来，问耶稣：

†[Wlb]时、有法利赛人士子、自耶路撒冷来、就耶稣曰、

†[Xdv]有几个法利赛人和经学教师从耶路撒冷来见耶稣，问他：

†[Kjv]Then came to Jesus scribes and Pharisees, which were of Jerusalem, saying,

†[Nkjv]Then the scribes and Pharisees who were from Jerusalem came to Jesus, saying,

†[BBE]Then there came to Jesus from Jerusalem Pharisees and scribes, saying,

†[GNT] Then some Pharisees and teachers of the Law came from Jerusalem to Jesus and asked him,

†[NIV]Then some Pharisees and teachers of the law came to Jesus from Jerusalem and asked,

本会注释　　[关于遗传和仪文污秽的争论：太15:1-20=可7:1-23。注释主要在《马可福音》] 。
　　关于马太所说的“那时”，见@太4:1@注释。

太15:2 “你的门徒为什么犯古人的遗传呢？因为吃饭的时候，他们不洗手。” (串)可7:5加1:14西2:8|路11:38

†[吕]“你的门徒为什么违犯古人（同字：长老）的传统规矩？吃饭时候不洗手呀！”

†[思]“你的门徒为什么违犯先人的传受？他们吃饭时竟不洗手。”

†[当代]“为什么你的门徒在饭前不行‘洗手’之礼，破坏祖先的传统呢？”

†[新译]“你的门徒为什么违背古人的传统，在饭前不洗手呢？”

†[Wlb]尔之门徒、何犯古人遗传、不盥手而食乎、

†[Xdv]“为什么你的门徒不遵守我们祖先的传统？他们吃饭以前并没有按照规矩洗手！”

†[Kjv]Why do thy disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? for they wash not their hands when they eat bread.

†[Nkjv]"Why do Your disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? For they do not wash their hands when they eat bread."

†[BBE]Why do your disciples go against the teaching of the fathers? for they take food with unwashed hands.

†[GNT] "Why is it that your disciples disobey the teaching handed down by our ancestors? They don't wash their hands in the proper way before they eat!"

†[NIV]Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? They don't wash their hands before they eat!"

太15:3 耶稣回答说：“你们为什么因着你们的遗传犯上帝的诫命呢？

†[吕]耶稣回答他们说：“你们呢、你们为什么因了你们的传统规矩而违犯上帝的诫命呢？

†[思]耶稣回答他们说：“你们为什么为了你们的传授，而违犯天主的诫命呢？

†[当代]耶稣回答说：“为什么你们只拘守祖先的传统，却违反上帝的诫命呢？

†[新译]耶稣回答：“你们又为什么因你们的传统，违背　神的诫命呢？

†[Wlb]曰、尔何因尔遗传、犯上帝诫乎、

†[Xdv]耶稣回答：“为什么你们为着遵守传统，却违背了上帝的命令呢？

†[Kjv]But he answered and said unto them, Why do ye also transgress the commandment of God by your tradition?

†[Nkjv]He answered and said to them, "Why do you also transgress the commandment of God because of your tradition?

†[BBE]And in answer he said to them, Why do you, yourselves, go against the word of God on account of the teaching which has been handed down to you?

†[GNT] Jesus answered, "And why do you disobey God's command and follow your own teaching?

†[NIV]Jesus replied, "And why do you break the command of God for the sake of your tradition?

太15:4 上帝说：‘当孝敬父母’；又说：‘咒骂父母的，必治死他。’ (串)出20:12利19:3申5:16弗6:2|出21:17利20:9箴20:20

†[吕]上帝命令说：‘要孝敬父亲和母亲’；又说：‘诽谤父亲或母亲的，必须死’；

†[思]天主曾说过：‘你要孝敬父亲和母亲。’又说过：‘咒骂父亲和母亲的，应处以死刑。’

†[当代]上帝说：‘当孝敬父母。’又说：‘咒骂父母的都要处死。’

†[新译]　神说：‘当孝敬父母’，又说：‘咒骂父母的必被处死’。

†[Wlb]盖上帝曰、敬尔父母、又曰、詈父母者、必死之、

†[Xdv]上帝说：‘要孝敬父母’；又说：‘咒父母的人必须处死。’

†[Kjv]For God commanded, saying, Honour thy father and mother: and, He that curseth father or mother, let him die the death.

†[Nkjv]For God commanded, saying, "Honor your father and your mother'; and, "He who curses father or mother, let him be put to death.'

†[BBE]For God said, Give honour to your father and mother: and, He who says evil of father or mother will be put to death.

†[GNT] For God said, "Respect your father and your mother,' and "If you curse your father or your mother, you are to be put to death.'

†[NIV]For God said, `Honor your father and mother' and `Anyone who curses his father or mother must be put to death.'

太15:5 你们倒说：‘无论何人对父母说：我所当奉给你的已经作了供献， (串)可7:11-12

†[吕]你们倒说：‘无论何人对父亲或母亲说：‘你可由我得益之物、已经用做献神礼物了’；

†[思]你们却说：谁若对父亲或母亲说：我所能供养你的，已成了献仪；

†[当代]但你们却提倡：无论谁已经把供养父母的金钱奉献了给上帝，

†[新译]你们却说：‘人若对父母说：“我应该给你们的，已经作了献给　神的礼物”，

†[Wlb]惟尔则曰、若人谓父母云、我所当奉于尔者、已献于上帝矣、

†[Xdv]你们偏偏说：要是有人把奉养父母的东西当作供物献给上帝，

†[Kjv]But ye say, Whosoever shall say to his father or his mother, It is a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me;

†[Nkjv]But you say, "Whoever says to his father or mother, "Whatever profit you might have received from me is a gift to God"--

†[BBE]But you say, If a man says to his father or his mother, That by which you might have had profit from me is given to God;

†[GNT] But you teach that if people have something they could use to help their father or mother, but say, "This belongs to God,'

†[NIV]But you say that if a man says to his father or mother, `Whatever help you might otherwise have received from me is a gift devoted to God,'

太15:6 他就可以不孝敬父母。’这就是你们藉着遗传，废了上帝的诫命。 (串)加3:17

†[吕]这么一说，他便可以不必敬奉父亲或母亲！那就是你们竟因了你们的传统规矩而取消上帝的话了！

†[思]他就不必再孝敬父亲或母亲了。你们就为了你们的传授，废弃了天主的话。

†[当代]就可以不供养父母了。这种做法，简直是用传统来废掉上帝的诫命。

†[新译]他就可以不孝敬父母了。’你们因为你们的传统，就废弃了　神的话。

†[Wlb]遂可不敬父母、是尔以尔遗传、废上帝诫也、

†[Xdv]他就用不着孝敬父母。你们拿传统来抵消上帝的话。

†[Kjv]And honour not his father or his mother, he shall be free. Thus have ye made the commandment of God of none effect by your tradition.

†[Nkjv]then he need not honor his father or mother.' Thus you have made the commandment of God of no effect by your tradition.

†[BBE]There is no need for him to give honour to his father. And you have made the word of God without effect because of your teaching.

†[GNT] they do not need to honor their father. In this way you disregard God's command, in order to follow your own teaching.

†[NIV]he is not to `honor his father ' with it. Thus you nullify the word of God for the sake of your tradition.

怀爱伦注释　　（耶23:1；何8:1；13:9；太15:6）赶散我羊的牧人──那遮掩自己罪孽的罪人，他们竟自称是虔诚的人，他们漠视上帝的诫命，而却拣选了人的遗传和废掉上帝的律法，并且还发动背叛的精神，他们所有的借口都是虚弱无力的，必然带来败坏他们自己和别人的心灵……
　　在那些担负牧养羊群之工作的牧人，要受到最重的审判，因为他们曾向人述说寓言神话，而不宣讲真理，儿童要起来咒骂他们的父母，众教友们虽曾见到并信服亮光，但他们却将自己生命得救的事信赖传道人，而到了上帝的大日，他们必要知道没有什么人能以付赎他们的罪债，而且必有一恐怖的声音呼喊道：“我灭亡了，永远灭亡了”1人仿佛要想把那曾传假道和谴责真理的传道人撕碎，在这时候纯正的真理很需要来改良自己的生命，可是他们已经离开了那爱人的真理，而且对于他们只能说：“以色列明，你已……自取败坏。”上帝将信息达与百姓说：“你用口吹角吧!敌人如鹰来攻打耶和华的家；因为这民违背我的约，干犯我的律法。”（1900、30号信件）
本会注释　　不孝敬。太15:6的第一句似乎是继续并完成第5节的思路，所以用“这就是你们”开始更好。
　　诫命。有文本为“话”。

太15:7 假冒为善的人哪，以赛亚指着你们说的预言是不错的。他说： (串)太23:13可7:6

†[吕]假冒为善的人哪，以赛亚指着你们传讲神言，传得不错；他说：

†[思]假善人哪！依撒意亚论你们预言的真好，他说：

†[当代]你们这班伪君子，上帝藉著以赛亚先知把你们骂得好：

†[新译]伪君子啊，以赛亚指着你们说的预言说得好：

†[Wlb]伪善者乎、以赛亚豫言指尔者、诚是也、

†[Xdv]假冒为善的人哪，以赛亚指着你们所发的预言是多么的正确啊！他说：上帝这样说：

†[Kjv]Ye hypocrites, well did Esaias prophesy of you, saying,

†[Nkjv]Hypocrites! Well did Isaiah prophesy about you, saying:

†[BBE]You false ones, well did Isaiah say of you,

†[GNT] You hypocrites! How right Isaiah was when he prophesied about you!

†[NIV]You hypocrites! Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you:

太15:8 这百姓用嘴唇尊敬我，心却远离我； (串)赛29:13结33:31

†[吕]‘这人民用咀唇尊敬我，心却远离我；

†[思]‘这民族用嘴唇尊敬我，他们的心却是远离我；

†[当代]‘他们的口说尊敬我，内心却与我疏远，

†[新译]‘这人民用嘴唇尊敬我，心却远离我；

†[Wlb]曰、斯民以口尊我、而心则远我、

†[Xdv]这些人用唇舌尊敬我；他们的心却远离我。

†[Kjv]This people draweth nigh unto me with their mouth, and honoureth me with their lips; but their heart is far from me.

†[Nkjv]"These people draw near to Me with their mouth, And honor Me with their lips, But their heart is far from Me.

†[BBE]These people give me honour with their lips, but their heart is far from me.

†[GNT] "These people, says God, honor me with their words, but their heart is really far away from me.

†[NIV]`These people honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me.

太15:9 他们将人的吩咐当作道理教导人，所以拜我也是枉然。” (串)多1:14

†[吕]他们徒然敬拜我，将人的诫律当教条教训人。’”

†[思]他们恭敬我也是假的，因为他们所讲授的教义是人的规律。’”

†[当代]竟将自己的理论当作真理去教导人，所以我不要这样的敬拜。’”

†[新译]他们把人的规条当作道理去教导人，所以拜我也是徒然。’”

†[Wlb]其拜我徒然、以所教者、乃人所命也、

†[Xdv]他们竟把人的规例当作我的命令；他们敬拜我都是徒然！”

†[Kjv]But in vain they do worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.

†[Nkjv]And in vain they worship Me, Teaching as doctrines the commandments of men."'

†[BBE]But their worship is to no purpose, while they give as their teaching the rules of men.

†[GNT] It is no use for them to worship me, because they teach human rules as though they were my laws!' "

†[NIV]They worship me in vain; their teachings are but rules taught by men.' "

怀爱伦注释　　见怀爱伦注释-|e太5:13,14|；|e耶8:8|
　　谬论好象真理树上的寄生虫──撒但使用欺骗的权势，引进了多样的谬论，而把真理弄黑了，谬论是不能独立存在的，如果它不把自己象寄生虫一般地拴在真理的树上，它必速速的灭绝了。谬沦从上帝的真理吸取它的生命，人的遗传如同浮动的病菌入侵上帝的真理，而人却以为它们是真理的一部分，撒但通过假道理获得一据点来进行迷惑人心，并使之它们成立一种没有基础的理论，于是人便大胆地把人的吩咐当作道理教导人，而且一代又一代地作为流递下来的遗传，然而岁月是不能把谬论变成真理，也不能把它所累积的重量使真理的植物变成寄生虫。真理的树只能结出它自己的真果子，而显出它的根源与本性。谬论的寄生虫也只能结出它自己的果子，并显明它的性质是与天上原初的植物不同。（1895、43号手稿）

太15:10 耶稣就叫了众人来，对他们说：“你们要听，也要明白。 (串)太13:51可7:14

†[吕]于是耶稣叫了群众来，对他们说：“你们要听，要领悟；

†[思]耶稣便叫过群众来，对他们说：“你们听，且要明白：

†[当代]于是耶稣召集了群众，对他们说：“你们要留心听，思考这句话：

†[新译]耶稣叫群众前来，对他们说：“你们要听，也要明白。

†[Wlb]遂召众语之曰、尔宜听而悟也、

†[Xdv]耶稣召集群众到他面前，对他们说：“你们要听，也要明白！

†[Kjv]And he called the multitude, and said unto them, Hear, and understand:

†[Nkjv]When He had called the multitude to Himself, He said to them, "Hear and understand:

†[BBE]And he got the people together and said to them, Give ear, and let my words be clear to you:

†[GNT] Then Jesus called the crowd to him and said to them, "Listen and understand!

†[NIV]Jesus called the crowd to him and said, "Listen and understand.

太15:11 入口的不能污秽人，出口的乃能污秽人。” (串)徒10:14-15罗14:14-20提前4:4多1:15

†[吕]不是入口里的能使人俗污；乃是从口里出来的才能使人俗污。”

†[思]不是入于口的，使人污秽；而是出于口的，使人污秽。”

†[当代]‘吃下去的东西不会使人污秽，只有从口里出来的才会使人污秽。’”

†[新译]进到口里的不能使人污秽，只有从口里出来的，才能使人污秽。”

†[Wlb]非入诸口者污人、惟出诸口者污人耳、

†[Xdv]那从人嘴里进去的东西不会使人不洁净；那从人嘴里出来的才会使人不洁净。”

†[Kjv]Not that which goeth into the mouth defileth a man; but that which cometh out of the mouth, this defileth a man.

†[Nkjv]Not what goes into the mouth defiles a man; but what comes out of the mouth, this defiles a man."

†[BBE]Not that which goes into the mouth makes a man unclean, but that which comes out of the mouth.

†[GNT] It is not what goes into your mouth that makes you ritually unclean; rather, what comes out of it makes you unclean."

†[NIV]What goes into a man's mouth does not make him `unclean,' but what comes out of his mouth, that is what makes him `unclean.'"

太15:12 当时，门徒进前来对他说：“法利赛人听见这话，不服（原文作跌倒），你知道吗？”

†[吕]那时门徒上前来，对耶稣说：“法利赛人听了这话，显着格格不入，你知道么？”

†[思]那时，门徒前来告诉耶稣说：“你知道法利塞人听了这话，起了反感吗？”

†[当代]“你不知道法利赛人对你所说的话非常反感吗？”门徒对祂说。

†[新译]门徒前来告诉他：“法利赛人听了这话很生气，你知道吗？”

†[Wlb]门徒就之曰、法利赛人闻斯言而愠、尔知之乎、

†[Xdv]后来门徒告诉耶稣：“法利赛人听见了你这话，很不服气，你知道吗？”

†[Kjv]Then came his disciples, and said unto him, Knowest thou that the Pharisees were offended, after they heard this saying?

†[Nkjv]Then His disciples came and said to Him, "Do You know that the Pharisees were offended when they heard this saying?"

†[BBE]Then the disciples came and said to him, Did you see that the Pharisees were troubled when these words came to their ears?

†[GNT] Then the disciples came to him and said, "Do you know that the Pharisees had their feelings hurt by what you said?"

†[NIV]Then the disciples came to him and asked, "Do you know that the Pharisees were offended when they heard this?"

太15:13 耶稣回答说：“凡栽种的物，若不是我天父栽种的，必要拔出来。 (串)赛60:21;61:3约15:1林前3:6-9|犹1:12

†[吕]耶稣回答说：“一切栽种之物，不是我天父栽种的，连根都要拔起来。

†[思]耶稣答说：“任何植物，凡不是我天父所种植的，必要连根拔除。

†[当代]“由他们吧！他们好像瞎子领瞎子，只会一起掉进坑里。因为所有不是我天父亲手栽种的，都要连根拔起来。”

†[新译]耶稣说：“所有不是我天父栽种的植物，都要连根拔起来。

†[Wlb]曰、凡植物非我天父所植者、将拔之、

†[Xdv]耶稣回答：“凡不是我天父所栽种的植物都要连根拔除。

†[Kjv]But he answered and said, Every plant, which my heavenly Father hath not planted, shall be rooted up.

†[Nkjv]But He answered and said, "Every plant which My heavenly Father has not planted will be uprooted.

†[BBE]But he said in answer, Every plant which my Father in heaven has not put in the earth, will be taken up by the roots.

†[GNT] "Every plant which my Father in heaven did not plant will be pulled up," answered Jesus.

†[NIV]He replied, "Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be pulled up by the roots.

本会注释　　凡栽种的物。这里指每一条遗传，每一个“人的吩咐”（见@可7:3,13,15@注释）。

太15:14 任凭他们吧！他们是瞎眼领路的；若是瞎子领瞎子，两个人都要掉在坑里。” (串)赛56:10太23:16,24|路6:39赛9:16玛2:8

†[吕]容许他们吧；他们是瞎子做（有古卷加：瞎子的）领路人；若是瞎子领瞎子，两个人都会掉在坑里。”

†[思]由他们罢！他们是瞎子，且是瞎子的领路人；但若瞎子领瞎子，两人必要掉在坑。”

†[当代]－

†[新译]由得他们吧！他们是瞎眼的，却作了向导；如果瞎子领瞎子，二人都会跌进坑里。”

†[Wlb]姑听之、彼乃瞽而导者、以瞽导瞽、二者皆陷于坑矣、

†[Xdv]不要理他们吧！他们是瞎子在作向导；瞎子给瞎子领路，两个人都会跌进坑里去。”

†[Kjv]Let them alone: they be blind leaders of the blind. And if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch.

†[Nkjv]Let them alone. They are blind leaders of the blind. And if the blind leads the blind, both will fall into a ditch."

†[BBE]Let them be: they are blind guides. And if a blind man is guiding a blind man, the two will go falling into a hole together.

†[GNT] "Don't worry about them! They are blind leaders of the blind; and when one blind man leads another, both fall into a ditch."

†[NIV]Leave them; they are blind guides. If a blind man leads a blind man, both will fall into a pit."

本会注释　　坑。“沟”或“洞”。

太15:15 彼得对耶稣说：“请将这比喻讲给我们听。” (串)太13:36可7:17

†[吕]彼得应时对耶稣说：“请把这比喻给我们讲解吧。”

†[思]伯多禄遂应声对耶稣说：“请你为我们讲解这个比喻罢！”

†[当代]“那么刚才这比喻怎样解释呢？”彼得问。

†[新译]彼得说：“请你给我们解释这个比喻吧。”

†[Wlb]彼得曰、斯喻明以教我、

†[Xdv]彼得说：“请你向我们解释这个比喻的意思。”

†[Kjv]Then answered Peter and said unto him, Declare unto us this parable.

†[Nkjv]Then Peter answered and said to Him, "Explain this parable to us."

†[BBE]Then Peter said to him, Make the story clear to us.

†[GNT] Peter spoke up, "Explain this saying to us."

†[NIV]Peter said, "Explain the parable to us."

太15:16 耶稣说：“你们到如今还不明白吗？ (串)太16:9可7:18

†[吕]耶稣说：“连你们到如今还是蒙昧么？

†[思]耶稣说：“连你们也不明白吗？

†[当代]耶稣说：“你们到了现在还是那样无知吗？难道你们也不明白吗？

†[新译]耶稣说：“你们还是不明白吗？

†[Wlb]曰、尔曹犹未悟乎、

†[Xdv]耶稣说：“你们到现在还是跟别人一样不明白吗？

†[Kjv]And Jesus said, Are ye also yet without understanding?

†[Nkjv]So Jesus said, "Are you also still without understanding?

†[BBE]And he said, Are you, like them, still without wisdom?

†[GNT] Jesus said to them, "You are still no more intelligent than the others.

†[NIV]Are you still so dull?" Jesus asked them.

太15:17 岂不知凡入口的，是运到肚子里，又落在茅厕里吗？ (串)林前6:13

†[吕]岂不了解，凡入口里的，运到肚子里，又被排泄出来到厕所里去么？

†[思]你们不晓得：凡入于口的，先到肚腹内，然后排泄到厕所去吗？

†[当代]一切吃进口里的东西，就算不清洁，经过肠胃的消化，都会排泄出来。

†[新译]难道不知道一切进到口里的，是进到肚腹，然后排泄到外面去吗？

†[Wlb]岂不知入口者运于腹、而遗于厕乎、

†[Xdv]难道你们不晓得，一切从人嘴里进去的东西，到了肚子里，然后又排泄出来？

†[Kjv]Do not ye yet understand, that whatsoever entereth in at the mouth goeth into the belly, and is cast out into the draught?

†[Nkjv]Do you not yet understand that whatever enters the mouth goes into the stomach and is eliminated?

†[BBE]Do you not see that whatever goes into the mouth goes on into the stomach, and is sent out as waste?

†[GNT] Don't you understand? Anything that goes into your mouth goes into your stomach and then on out of your body.

†[NIV]Don't you see that whatever enters the mouth goes into the stomach and then out of the body?

太15:18 惟独出口的，是从心里发出来的，这才污秽人。 (串)可7:23雅3:6

†[吕]惟独从口里出来的，是出于心；那才能使人俗污呢。

†[思]但那从口出来的，都是由心发出来的，这些使人污秽，

†[当代]可是，从嘴里说出来的话，却发自内心，污染的能力就大了。

†[新译]但从口里出来的，是发自内心，才会使人污秽。

†[Wlb]惟出诸口者由心而发、斯污人也、

†[Xdv]但是从嘴里出来的是从内心出来；那才会使人不洁净。

†[Kjv]But those things which proceed out of the mouth come forth from the heart; and they defile the man.

†[Nkjv]But those things which proceed out of the mouth come from the heart, and they defile a man.

†[BBE]But the things which come out of the mouth come from the heart; and they make a man unclean.

†[GNT] But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and these are the things that make you ritually unclean.

†[NIV]But the things that come out of the mouth come from the heart, and these make a man `unclean.'

太15:19 因为从心里发出来的，有恶念、凶杀、奸淫、苟合、偷盗、妄证、谤讟。 (串)诗56:5耶17:9太12:34|创6:5;8:21箴6:14太9:4可7:21雅2:4|出20:13-16|太5:27-28|弗4:31提前6:4

†[吕]因为从人心里发出的有各样恶念、凶杀、奸淫、淫乱、偷窃、假见证、毁谤（或译：谤才）：

†[思]因为由心发出来的是恶念、凶杀、奸淫、邪淫、盗窃、妄证、毁谤。

†[当代]须知人心所充满的是恶念、杀机、淫念、邪念、贪心、谎言、毁谤，

†[新译]因为从心里出来的，有恶念、凶杀、奸淫、淫乱、偷盗、假见证和毁谤。

†[Wlb]盖恶念、凶杀、淫乱、苟合、盗窃、妄证、讪谤、

†[Xdv]因为从人心里出来的，有种种恶念；这些恶念指使他犯凶杀、淫乱、通奸、偷盗、撒谎、毁谤等罪。

†[Kjv]For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies:

†[Nkjv]For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies.

†[BBE]For out of the heart come evil thoughts, the taking of life, broken faith between the married, unclean desires of the flesh, taking of property, false witness, bitter words:

†[GNT] For from your heart come the evil ideas which lead you to kill, commit adultery, and do other immoral things; to rob, lie, and slander others.

†[NIV]For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false testimony, slander.

太15:20 这都是污秽人的；至于不洗手吃饭，那却不污秽人。” (串)林前6:9-10|可7:2,5

†[吕]这一切都是能使人污俗的；至于不洗手吃饭呢，那是不能使人污俗的。”

†[思]这些都使人污秽，至于不洗手吃饭，并不能使人污秽。”

†[当代]这些东西才能使人污秽。不洗手吃饭，是不会使人污秽的。”

†[新译]这些才会使人污秽，不洗手吃饭却不会这样。”

†[Wlb]皆由心而发、斯乃污人、但未盥手而食、不污人也、

†[Xdv]这一切才真的会使人不洁净。至于不先洗手就吃饭那一类的事是不会使人不洁净的。”

†[Kjv]These are the things which defile a man: but to eat with unwashen hands defileth not a man.

†[Nkjv]These are the things which defile a man, but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile a man."

†[BBE]These are the things which make a man unclean; but to take food with unwashed hands does not make a man unclean.

†[GNT] These are the things that make you unclean. But to eat without washing your hands as they say you should - this doesn't make you unclean."

†[NIV]These are what make a man `unclean'; but eating with unwashed hands does not make him `unclean.'"

太15:21 耶稣离开那里，退到推罗、西顿的境内去。 (串)本章21-28可7:24-30

†[吕]耶稣离开了那里，退到推罗西顿的区域去。

†[思]耶稣离开那，就迅往提洛和漆冬一带去了。

†[当代]耶稣从那里退到推罗和西顿境内。

†[新译]耶稣离开那里，来到推罗、西顿境内。

†[Wlb]耶稣去彼、适推罗西顿境、

†[Xdv]耶稣离开那地方，避到泰尔和西顿附近地区去。

†[Kjv]Then Jesus went thence, and departed into the coasts of Tyre and Sidon.

†[Nkjv]Then Jesus went out from there and departed to the region of Tyre and Sidon.

†[BBE]And Jesus went away from there into the country of Tyre and Sidon.

†[GNT] Jesus left that place and went off to the territory near the cities of Tyre and Sidon.

†[NIV]Leaving that place, Jesus withdrew to the region of Tyre and Sidon.

本会注释　　[ 耶稣退到腓尼基：太15:21-28=可7:24-30。主要的注释在《马太福音》。见本卷注释221页地图，229，231页年表；关于神迹，见本卷注释208-213页] 。
　　耶稣离开那里。接下来的事件可能发生在公元30年晚春约在五月间。加利利传道的高潮是使5,000人吃饱和在迦百农会堂里讲论生命之粮（见@约6:1,25@注释）。公众的潮流开始转过来反对耶稣了，就像一年前在犹太地一样（见《历代愿望》393页）。大多数自认为跟从祂的人都拒绝了祂（见@约6:60-66@注释）。再过几天就是逾越节了。耶稣没有参赴那一年的逾越节（见@可7:1@注释）。
　　第三次加利利布道之旅使犹太领袖们大为惊慌（见《历代愿望》395页；见@可6:14@注释）。逾越节过后，一个代表团从耶路撒冷来到耶稣那里，指控祂违犯宗教条例（见可7:1-23）。但是祂揭露了他们的伪善，使他们哑口无言，于是就怒气冲冲地走了（见《历代愿望》398页）。他们的态度和威胁说明祂的性命处于危险之中（《历代愿望》398，401页）。所以遵照祂以前给门徒的忠告，祂暂时离开了加利利（见@太10:14,23@注释），就像祂一年前在犹太遭到领袖们拒绝时离开那里一样（见@太4:12@注释）。
　　这次退到北方标志着基督传道的一个新阶段的开始，和祂在加利利传道的结束，祂在加利利传道约有一年时间，从大约公元29年的逾越节到公元30年的逾越节。这时距祂的殉难已不到一年。
　　虽然耶稣退到腓尼基地区的直接原因是与来自耶路撒冷的文士和法利赛人发生冲突，但这次旅行也有积极的一面。耶稣离开加利利和进入腓尼基有一个明确的目的。祂既被犹太和加利利的犹太人所拒绝，就寻找机会教导祂的门徒为非犹太人作工。外邦人需要福音。祂现在开始发表一系列教训，要让门徒认识到外邦人的需要，认识到他们也是天国的候选人。退到腓尼基给这样的教训提供了一个绝好的机会（见《历代愿望》400页）。耶稣在这次访问腓尼基期间只行了一个神迹。但这次访问显然不带有三次加利利之旅的布道性质，因为耶稣一到那里就隐退了，不让人知道祂在那里（见可7:24）。
　　推罗和西顿。见《SDA圣经注释》卷一128页；卷二67,68页；见@创10:15@注释。罗马人来到之前，腓尼基人在数百年时间里一直领导着世界贸易。
　　境内。merē（“区域”，“分区”或“地区”）。耶稣退到加利利与腓尼基交界的丘陵（见《历代愿望》399页），从那里可以看到约37公里外滨海边平原上推罗和西顿的城市。这个地区属于罗马的叙利亚行省（见《SDA圣经注释》卷二69页）。

太15:22 有一个迦南妇人，从那地方出来，喊着说：“主啊，大卫的子孙，可怜我！我女儿被鬼附得甚苦。” (串)创10:15,19士1:30,32-33|太9:27

†[吕]忽有一个迦南妇人从那境内出来，嚷着说：“主阿，大卫的子孙哪，可怜我；我女儿被鬼附得很苦呢。”

†[思]看，有一个客纳罕妇人，从那地方出来喊说：“主，达味之子，可怜我罢！我的女儿被魔纠缠的好苦啊！”

†[当代]有一个迦南的妇人高声地恳求耶稣：“我的主！大卫的子孙啊！可怜我吧！我的女儿被邪鬼折磨得好苦啊！”

†[新译]有一个迦南的妇人从那地区出来，喊着说：“主啊，大卫的子孙，可怜我吧！我的女儿被鬼附得很苦。”

†[Wlb]有迦南妇出境、呼曰、主、大卫之裔、矜恤我、我女患鬼苦甚、

†[Xdv]当地的一个迦南女人来见他，喊着说：“主啊，大卫的子孙，可怜我吧！我的女儿被鬼附着，痛苦不堪！”

†[Kjv]And, behold, a woman of Canaan came out of the same coasts, and cried unto him, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou son of David; my daughter is grievously vexed with a devil.

†[Nkjv]And behold, a woman of Canaan came from that region and cried out to Him, saying, "Have mercy on me, O Lord, Son of David! My daughter is severely demon-possessed."

†[BBE]And a woman of Canaan came out from those parts, crying and saying, Have pity on me, O Lord, Son of David; my daughter is greatly troubled with an unclean spirit.

†[GNT] A Canaanite woman who lived in that region came to him. "Son of David!" she cried out. "Have mercy on me, sir! My daughter has a demon and is in a terrible condition."

†[NIV]A Canaanite woman from that vicinity came to him, crying out, "Lord, Son of David, have mercy on me! My daughter is suffering terribly from demon-possession."

本会注释　　一个迦南妇人。腓尼基人属古代的迦南民族；实际上他们自称是迦南人（见@创10:6,18@注释）。希腊人称他们是腓尼基人，显然是根据一种紫色的染料（希腊语phoinix）命名的。这种染料是腓尼基人早年在爱琴海地区卖给希腊人的（见《SDA圣经注释》卷二68页）。迦南人是含的后裔，但他们住在巴勒斯坦的初期，就采用了闪族的语言并大量吸收了闪族文化，以致长期以来被认为是闪族人。犹太人是闪族人。希伯来人和迦南人在语言和文化特征上十分相似。
　　这是福音书中第四次记录耶稣为非犹太人服务。第一次是在撒玛利亚的叙加（约4:5-42）。第二次在迦百农（路7:1-10）。第三次在格拉森地区（可5:1-20）。当然撒玛利亚具有部分的犹太血统。耶稣为他们服务虽然不被认可，但不会招惹说祂为纯粹的外邦世界作工的指责。那位百夫长曾善待犹太人，相信他们拥有真宗教。基督是应犹太领袖的要求为百夫长施行神迹的。治好格拉森被鬼附着的人，不会被犹太人解释为基督故意与外邦人接触。反之，他们会视之为基督所遇到的一个紧急情况。从某种意义上说，祂赶出那些鬼乃是出于自卫。况且祂不让那两个摆脱了魔鬼的人作祂的门徒跟随祂。即便是现在耶稣在遇到这个腓尼基妇人的时候，祂也没有公开为那个地区的人作工（见可7:24）。是她来到祂面前提出恳求的。
　　基督与巴勒斯坦的非犹太人交往，只是为“以色列家迷失的羊”（太15:24）服务的连带事件。祂为选民的工作若要取得功，就必须至少在表面上服从传统，不让犹太领袖有机会控告祂拆毁他们所建立起来防备外邦人的隔墙，尽管这些隔墙在许多方面是错误的（见《SDA圣经注释》卷四28-33页）。否则，祂就会破坏自己对所服务之百姓的影响力。今日，基督工人要视全人类在上帝面前都是平等的，并谨记“上帝并不偏待人”（徒10:34）。
　　那地方。Horia（“边界”），这里指四围是边界的地区（见第21节注释）。耶稣在推罗和西顿地区。那个妇人是当地人。本段所记录的事件就发生在这里。妇人一看见耶稣，就“俯伏在祂脚前”（可7:25）。这是东方人向上级提出请求时所常用的姿势（见@太4:9；8:2@注释）。
　　大卫的子孙。见@太1:1@注释。一个外邦的女子竟这样称呼耶稣，说明承认祂就是弥赛亚，确实令人惊讶。腓尼基住着许多犹太人。耶稣的奇迹早已在他们中间传开（见可3:8；路6:17）。这位妇人显然是从住在腓尼基的犹太人那里听说了耶稣的事迹（见《历代愿望》400页）。
　　可怜。eleeō（见@太5:7@注释）。
　　被鬼附得甚苦。直译是“被鬼附身十分严重”（见《马可福音》第一章补充注释）。

太15:23 耶稣却一言不答。门徒进前来，求他说：“这妇人在我们后头喊叫，请打发她走吧。”

†[吕]耶稣一句话也不回答她。门徒上前来，求耶稣说：“请打发她走吧，因为她在我们后头喊叫呢。”

†[思]耶稣却一句话也不回答她。他的门徒就上前求他说：“打发她走罢！因为她在我们后面不停地喊叫。”

†[当代]但耶稣却一言不发。“请打发她走吧！她老是在后面喊叫，讨厌极了！”门徒上前来说。

†[新译]耶稣一句话也不回答她。门徒上前求他说：“请叫她走吧，她一直跟在我们后面喊叫。”

†[Wlb]耶稣不答、其徒至曰、妇呼于后、请遣之、

†[Xdv]耶稣一句话也不回答。门徒上来求他说：“请叫她走开吧！她跟着我们，一路喊叫呢！”

†[Kjv]But he answered her not a word. And his disciples came and besought him, saying, Send her away; for she crieth after us.

†[Nkjv]But He answered her not a word. And His disciples came and urged Him, saying, "Send her away, for she cries out after us."

†[BBE]But he gave her no answer. And his disciples came and said to him, Send her away, for she is crying after us.

†[GNT] But Jesus did not say a word to her. His disciples came to him and begged him, "Send her away! She is following us and making all this noise!"

†[NIV]Jesus did not answer a word. So his disciples came to him and urged him, "Send her away, for she keeps crying out after us."

本会注释　　一言不答。基督的目的是教导门徒为非犹太人作工。祂的教育方法是先表现出犹太人通常的态度，再将之与祂自己的态度进行对比（见第21节注释）。典型的犹太拉比会像门徒所提议的那样，对于妇人的请求不予直接回答就把她打发走。耶稣所说过的话，以及祂先前对外邦人所做的事，表明祂关心他们，承认他们进天国的特权（见路4:26,27）。耶稣绝无犹太人对外邦人的那种狭隘的排外情绪（见@太15:22,26@注释）。
　　门徒进前来。他们没有认识到这个外邦妇人的恳求所引起的宣传效果。他们视她如狗（见@太10:5@注释）。她不仅是一个陌生人，一个女人，还是一个外邦人。他们头脑中还没有对陌生的外邦女人传福音的概念。

太15:24 耶稣说：“我奉差遣不过是到以色列家迷失的羊那里去。” (串)太10:6

†[吕]耶稣回答说：“我奉差遣，不过是去找以色列家迷失的羊罢了。”

†[思]耶稣回答说：“我被派遣，只是为了以色列家失迷的羊。”

†[当代]“我只不过是奉派在以色列人当中寻找迷途的羊而已。”

†[新译]耶稣回答：“我被差遣，只是到以色列家的迷羊那里去。”

†[Wlb]曰、我奉使但为以色列家之亡羊而已、

†[Xdv]耶稣回答：“我只奉差遣到以色列人当中寻找迷失的羊。”

†[Kjv]But he answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel.

†[Nkjv]But He answered and said, "I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel."

†[BBE]But he made answer and said, I was sent only to the wandering sheep of the house of Israel.

†[GNT] Then Jesus replied, "I have been sent only to the lost sheep of the people of Israel."

†[NIV]He answered, "I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel."

本会注释　　我奉差遣，不过是。见第21节注释。耶稣奉差遣主要是到犹太人那里去。但祂一有机会，就把给祂自己百姓的福气赐给外邦人（见《SDA圣经注释》卷四26-30页）。在基督升天许多年之后，犹太籍的基督徒才完全明白，上帝认为天下所有的人都能成为天国的公民（见徒9:9-18,32-35；10:1-48；15:1-29；罗1:16；9:24等）。
　　迷失的羊。见@太10:6@注释。

太15:25 那妇人来拜他，说：“主啊，帮助我！” (串)太8:2

†[吕]那妇人却来拜他说：“主阿，援助我。”

†[思]那妇人却前来叩拜他说：“主，援助我罢！”

†[当代]“主啊！求你帮帮我吧！”那妇人立刻上前跪下。

†[新译]她来跪在耶稣面前说：“主啊，求你帮助我！”

†[Wlb]妇进而拜曰、主、助我、

†[Xdv]那女人一听见这话，就在他的脚前下拜，说：“主啊，请帮助我！”

†[Kjv]Then came she and worshipped him, saying, Lord, help me.

†[Nkjv]Then she came and worshiped Him, saying, "Lord, help me!"

†[BBE]But she came and gave him worship, saying, Help, Lord.

†[GNT] At this the woman came and fell at his feet. "Help me, sir!" she said.

†[NIV]The woman came and knelt before him. "Lord, help me!" she said.

本会注释　　拜。（见@太8:2@注释）。这是东方典型的恳求姿势，就是跪在敬拜的对像面前，甚至在人面前，特别是在寻求其恩待的上级面前（见@斯3:2@注释）。这个妇人用了弥赛亚的称呼“大卫的子孙”（见@太1:1；15:22@注释），表明她至少隐约地认识到耶稣的真实身份。不清楚她用这个称呼只是因为她的犹太邻舍在议论基督的奇迹时曾用过它，还是表示她在一定程度上相信耶稣就是弥赛亚。

本会注释　　第十五章补充注释
　　批评家们经常提出使4,000人吃饱和使5,000人吃饱并不是两回事。他们指出了许多相似的细节，尤其是基督要在人烟稀少的地方让这么多人吃饱时门徒的态度。但许多其他细节表明这是两个相似的事件，就像福音作者所肯定的，而不是像批评家们所说，是一个事件的两个版本。
　　可以列出以下的相似处：1，行神迹的地点都在加利利海的东岸或东北岸；2，都有大群人聚集在空旷的山坡上听耶稣讲道；3，都缺乏食物，得到了耶稣的同情；4，耶稣与门徒商议，暗示他们应该采取行动供应食物；5，门徒疑惑的回答和耶稣询问可以得到的食物；6，群众都坐在地上；7，祝谢，擘开并分发饼和鱼；8，剩下食物的数量；9，遣散群众；10，回到加利利海西岸。
　　不同点是：1，上下文所暗示，一次耶稣是从海路来的；另一次是从陆路来的；2，一次是靠近伯赛大；另一次可能在很远在南方，靠近加大拉；3，一次的主要对象是前往参赴逾越节的犹太人（《历代愿望》364页）；另一次主要是住在当地的外邦人（《历代愿望》404页）；4，一次教训了一天；另一个教训了三天；5，耶稣前去的背景：一次是祂与门徒同去；另一次是耶稣已在那里并医治病人；6，时间：一次是紧随着第三次加利利布道之旅；另一次是耶稣腓尼基之旅以后；7，一次是群众马上聚集的，没有带食物；另一次群众显然预备了一两天的食物，所以是按预定计划聚集的；8，一次是5,000人；另一次是4,000人；9，一次是门徒提出这个问题，建议打发群众回家；另一次是耶稣提出这个问题，暗示门徒有责任采取行动；10，一次在草地；另一次没有提到草；11，一次记录了有秩序的就座；另一次没有提到百姓如何就座；12，收集剩余零碎的器皿：一次是篮子kophinoi；另一次是筐子spurides；13，收集的数量：一次是12篮（kophinoi）；另一次是7筐（spurides）；14，一次是耶稣打发门徒先渡到海那边去，祂自己则退到山上祷告；另一次是耶稣陪伴他们；15，目的地：一次是迦百农或革尼撒勒；另一次是马加丹；16，一次后来发生了海上风浪；另一次没有提到在风暴中渡海的事；17，一次是有人看见耶稣离开，引发了群众的聚集；另一次是有些人从远方来，如果没有事先的计划，是不可能知道聚集的事或能否前往的。
　　几处差异的偶发性质排除了这两个故事源于同一件事的可能性，也排除了福音书作者用一件事情编出两个故事的企图。值得注意还有，相似点实际上大部分是总体性质的，不同点却主要涉及具体的细节。况且不同点多于相同点。有几个重要的差异特别值得注意：
　　一，在给5,000人吃饱时，有许多草（太14:19；可6:39；约6:10）。在给使4,000吃饱时，没有一位福音书作者提过草。第一个神迹发生在逾越节前几日，所以可能是公元30年的三月底或四月初（见@可6:30@注释）。在巴勒斯坦，最后一次大量降雨是在三月。一般说来，随着几周后干旱季节的到来，草就枯干了（见《SDA圣经注释》卷二110页）。马太和马可都记载了这两次神迹之间的事件，这就要求两者之间至少要有间隔几个星期（见@可7:1@；@太15:21@注释）。到了第二次神迹时，草应该已焦黄枯干了。两次神迹记录中的这方面差异能起到互相佐证的作用。但要是反过来第二次提到草，第一次中没有提到，那就有矛盾了。
　　二，第一次用的小的篮子（kophinoi）。第二次用的是大的筐子（spurides，见@可6:43@注释）。门徒与5,000人在一起时，带的是篮子（kophinoi）。这是犹太人短途旅行用的。第一次在不到24小时旅行不到16公里。第二次旅行要穿过的主要是外邦地区，花几周时间，行程约80到120公里。在穿越外邦地区的时候，犹太人会避免向外邦人购买食物，所以门徒带较大的筐子（spurides，见@可6:43@注释）。如果与5,000人在一起的短途旅行用筐子，而另一次长途旅行却用小篮子，那就有矛盾了。耶稣后来提到了这两次神迹，并对kophinoi和spurides作了区别，再次证实了这两个神迹之间的差异（太16:9,10；可8:19,20）。有人认为这两种器具的区别在种类，而不在大小。但福音书作者一贯主张大小的区别。
　　三，第二次群众在耶稣身边待了三天，显然到第三天才断粮。人们据此推测他们准备来至少待一两天。换一句话说，他们知道会找到耶稣，并显然盼望与祂共处一段时间。他们中有一些是从很远的地方来的（可8:3），说明这是有计划的聚集。第一个次却不是这样。但福音书的记录无意提供了一个非常满意的解释，说明人们是如何聚集的，尽管这不是与故事本身一起提到的。那两个被鬼附医好的人把他们的故事传遍了低加波利（可5:20；路8:39）。他们恳切热心地作工，以致那里的人都很想见耶稣（见路8:40；《历代愿望》404页）。过了好几个月耶稣回来的时候，那两个被鬼附医好的人，无疑还有其他人，高兴地传开了这个消息，并可能得到耶稣的事先同意，从远近各处召了人来。
　　批评家们反对这是两次神迹的主要原因，是门徒第二次与第一次一样，对基督能力的这种显示没有准备（太15:33；参可6:35-37）。况且从第一次神迹以来，最多不过三四个月，门徒在第二个次显得那么迟钝，似乎难以令人置信。然而第一次的群众全部都是犹太人，被认为是可以吃“从天上来的粮”的。但第二次的群众全是外邦人（见《历代愿望》404，405页）。耶稣自己不是最近还说“不好拿儿女的饼丢给狗吃”吗（太15:26）？这句话的意思确实主要不在字面，而在其寓意。但门徒迟钝的心（参太16:6-11），显然是按字面理解了。不到24小时以后，耶稣再次责备他们那么迟钝，未能领会祂话语的意思（太15:9-12）。就门徒们而言，感到惊讶和意外的并不是耶稣能提供食物，而是祂竟愿意为外邦人这么做。

太15:26 他回答说：“不好拿儿女的饼丢给狗吃。” (串)太7:6腓3:2

†[吕]他回答说：“拿儿女的饼丢给小狗，很不好阿。”

†[思]耶稣回答说：“拿儿女的饼扔给小狗，是不对的。”

†[当代]“把儿女们的食物丢给狗吃，实在讲不过去。”

†[新译]耶稣回答：“拿儿女的饼丢给小狗吃是不好的。”

†[Wlb]曰、取儿曹饼投狗、非宜也、

†[Xdv]耶稣说：“拿孩子的食物给小狗吃是不对的。”

†[Kjv]But he answered and said, It is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it to dogs.

†[Nkjv]But He answered and said, "It is not good to take the children's bread and throw it to the little dogs."

†[BBE]And he made answer and said, It is not right to take the children's bread and give it to the dogs.

†[GNT] Jesus answered, "It isn't right to take the children's food and throw it to the dogs."

†[NIV]He replied, "It is not right to take the children's bread and toss it to their dogs."

本会注释　　不好。就是不合适。基督在这里所表现的，是犹太人对外邦人的典型态度，即认为他们不配得上天的福气。。
　　饼。就是救恩的“粮”（见约6:32），是上帝委托给祂“儿女”犹太人，要分给外邦人的，但犹太人却将之私藏了（见《基督比喻实训》291，293页）。
　　狗。Kunaria（“小狗”），这里指外邦人（见@太7:6@注释）。犹太人认为救恩的福气如果给外邦人就是浪费了。在犹太人看来，外邦人没有能力赏识或受益于这些福气。基督假装轻视那个妇人可能会使她气馁。但祂无疑相信她的信心不会失败（见林前10:13）。她似乎确信，只要基督愿意，就能满足她心中的愿望（见@可1:40@注释）。她不在乎傲慢与偏见。她也不让傲慢与偏见阻止她。她的信心和恒心确实是值得表扬的。

太15:27 妇人说：“主啊，不错；但是狗也吃它主人桌子上掉下来的碎渣儿。” (串)路16:21

†[吕]妇人说：“主阿，不错；但是连小狗也吃它们主人桌子上掉下来的碎渣儿阿！”

†[思]但她说：“是啊！主，可是小狗也吃主人桌子上掉下来的碎屑。”

†[当代]“主啊，你说得对，可是主人也把桌上掉下来的碎屑给狗儿吃呢！”

†[新译]她说：“主啊，是的，不过小狗也吃主人桌子上掉下来的碎渣。”

†[Wlb]妇曰、主、然、狗亦食其主案下遗屑耳、

†[Xdv]那女人说：“是的，主啊，可是小狗也吃主人桌上掉下来的碎屑呢！”

†[Kjv]And she said, Truth, Lord: yet the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters' table.

†[Nkjv]And she said, "Yes, Lord, yet even the little dogs eat the crumbs which fall from their masters' table."

†[BBE]But she said, Yes, Lord: but even the dogs take the bits from under their masters' table.

†[GNT] "That's true, sir," she answered, "but even the dogs eat the leftovers that fall from their masters' table."

†[NIV]Yes, Lord," she said, "but even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from their masters' table."

本会注释　　主啊，不错。在耶稣假装不关心她恳求的背后（见@太15:23,26@注释），她似乎看到了涌自祂伟大爱心源源不断的温柔同情。祂屈尊与她讨论这个问题，而不是像拉比们那样断然拒绝，显然给了她勇气，相信祂会同意她的请求。祂的声音没有丝毫的不耐烦。祂的面容表显出的祂常有的平静，尊严和无限的温柔。
　　碎渣儿。psichia，是一个小词，意为“一点儿”或“碎屑”。连“狗”（见26节注释）都有权吃主人丢给它们的“碎渣儿”。这个了不起的妇人准备接受基督给她的任何帮助，甚至不为这一点争辩，只要祂肯答应她的请求。参考那位麻风病人在重大的障碍面前所表现的坚持（见@可1:40-45@注释）。

太15:28 耶稣说：“妇人，你的信心是大的！照你所要的，给你成全了吧。”从那时候，她女儿就好了。 (串)太9:2|太8:13|太9:22约4:52-53

†[吕]于是耶稣回答她说：“妇人，你的信心好大呀！照你所愿的给你作成吧。”从那一刻、她女儿就得了医治。

†[思]耶稣回答她说：“啊！妇人，的信德真大，就如所愿望的，给成就罢！”从那时刻起，她的女儿就痊愈了。

†[当代]“是的，妇人，你的信心真大！我就答应你的要求吧。”她女儿的病，就马上痊愈了。

†[新译]于是耶稣对她说：“妇人，你的信心真大，照你所想的给你成就吧！”从那时起，她的女儿就好了。

†[Wlb]曰、妇乎、尔信大矣、如尔愿成之、自是女愈、

†[Xdv]于是耶稣说：“妇人，你的信心好大呀！照你所要的，给你成全吧！”她的女儿就在那时候好起来了。

†[Kjv]Then Jesus answered and said unto her, O woman, great is thy faith: be it unto thee even as thou wilt. And her daughter was made whole from that very hour.

†[Nkjv]Then Jesus answered and said to her, "O woman, great is your faith! Let it be to you as you desire." And her daughter was healed from that very hour.

†[BBE]Then Jesus, answering, said to her, O woman, great is your faith: let your desire be done. And her daughter was made well from that hour.

†[GNT] So Jesus answered her, "You are a woman of great faith! What you want will be done for you." And at that very moment her daughter was healed.

†[NIV]Then Jesus answered, "Woman, you have great faith! Your request is granted." And her daughter was healed from that very hour.

本会注释　　你的信心是大的。她已经受了考验，表现出坚定的信心。她确信基督能赐给她女儿健康。参考基督对百夫长的称赞（见@路7:9@注释）。
　　那时候。就像大臣的儿子（见约4:43-54）和百夫长的仆人一样（见路7:1-10），这个迦南妇人的女儿远距离地好了，并没有带到基督面前；并且和那两个病例一样，都是立即完全治愈的。

太15:29 耶稣离开那地方，来到靠近加利利的海边，就上山坐下。 (串)本章29-31可7:31-37|太4:18约6:1|太5:1约6:3

†[吕]耶稣离开那里，来到加利利的海边，就上山，在那里坐着。

†[思]耶稣离开了那，来到加里肋亚海岸，上了山坐在那。

†[当代]耶稣离开了那里，再回到加利利湖边，上了山，就坐在那里。

†[新译]耶稣离开那里，来到加利利海边，就上山坐下。

†[Wlb]耶稣去彼、至加利利海滨、登山而坐、

†[Xdv]耶稣离开那地方，来到加利利湖边。他上了山，坐在那里。

†[Kjv]And Jesus departed from thence, and came nigh unto the sea of Galilee; and went up into a mountain, and sat down there.

†[Nkjv]Jesus departed from there, skirted the Sea of Galilee, and went up on the mountain and sat down there.

†[BBE]And Jesus went from there and came to the sea of Galilee; and he went up into the mountain, and took his seat there.

†[GNT] Jesus left there and went along by Lake Galilee. He climbed a hill and sat down.

†[NIV]Jesus left there and went along the Sea of Galilee. Then he went up on a mountainside and sat down.

本会注释　　[治好一个聋哑人和在低加波利所行的其他神迹：太15:29-31=可7:31-37。注释主要在《马可福音》]。

太15:30 有许多人到他那里，带着瘸子、瞎子、哑巴、有残疾的，和好些别的病人，都放在他脚前；他就治好了他们。 (串)赛35:5-6太11:5路7:22

†[吕]有一大群人上他跟前来，带着瘸子、残废的、瞎子、哑巴、和许多别的病人，都丢在他脚旁；他治好了他们；

†[思]于是有许多群众带着瘸子、残废、瞎子、哑吧、和许多其他的病人来到耶稣跟前，把他们放在他的足前，他便治好了他们；

†[当代]群众纷纷带著患各样病的人来求医。例如：跛子、瞎子、哑巴等，不计其数，祂都一一治好了。

†[新译]有许多人来到他那里，把瘸腿的、瞎眼的、残废的、哑的和许多别的病人，都带到耶稣跟前，他就医好他们。

†[Wlb]群众就之、携跛者、瞽者、喑者、残者、及诸病者、置其足前、遂医之、

†[Xdv]群众又来找他，并带来跛脚的、瞎眼的、残废的、哑巴的，和许多患其它疾病的人，安置在耶稣脚前；耶稣一一治好他们。

†[Kjv]And great multitudes came unto him, having with them those that were lame, blind, dumb, maimed, and many others, and cast them down at Jesus' feet; and he healed them:

†[Nkjv]Then great multitudes came to Him, having with them the lame, blind, mute, maimed, and many others; and they laid them down at Jesus' feet, and He healed them.

†[BBE]And there came to him great numbers of people having with them those who were broken in body, or blind, or without voice, or wounded, or ill in any way, and a number of others; they put them down at his feet and he made them well:

†[GNT] Large crowds came to him, bringing with them the lame, the blind, the crippled, the dumb, and many other sick people, whom they placed at Jesus' feet; and he healed them.

†[NIV]Great crowds came to him, bringing the lame, the blind, the crippled, the mute and many others, and laid them at his feet; and he healed them.

本会注释　　都放在祂脚前。这样做并不粗鲁，而是表明一种决心。他们把患病和受苦的人寄托于祂的怜悯。

太15:31 甚至众人都希奇；因为看见哑巴说话，残疾的痊愈，瘸子行走，瞎子看见，他们就归荣耀给以色列的上帝。 (串)太9:33|太9:8|赛29:23路1:68徒13:17

†[吕]以致那群人看见了哑巴能说话，残废的康健，瘸子能走路，瞎子能看见，都希奇，将荣耀归与以色列的上帝。

†[思]致始群众见到哑吧说话，残废康复，瘸子行走，瞎子看见，都大为惊奇，颂扬以色列的天主。　

†[当代]大家见祂使哑巴说话，残废者康复，跛的能走路，瞎的能看见；他们既惊奇，又佩服、就异口同声地赞美以色列的上帝，将荣耀归与祂。

†[新译]群众看见哑巴说话，残废的复原，瘸腿的行走，瞎眼的看见，就十分惊奇，于是颂赞以色列的　神。

†[Wlb]众见喑者言、残者痊、跛者行、瞽者明、则奇之、归荣以色列之上帝、

†[Xdv]那群人看见了哑巴的说话，残废的复原，跛脚的走路，瞎眼的看见，都非常惊奇，也都赞美以色列的上帝。

†[Kjv]Insomuch that the multitude wondered, when they saw the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, the lame to walk, and the blind to see: and they glorified the God of Israel.

†[Nkjv]So the multitude marveled when they saw the mute speaking, the maimed made whole, the lame walking, and the blind seeing; and they glorified the God of Israel.

†[BBE]So that the people were full of wonder when they saw that those who had no voice were talking, the feeble were made strong, those whose bodies were broken had the power of walking, and the blind were able to see: and they gave glory to the God of Israel.

†[GNT] The people were amazed as they saw the dumb speaking, the crippled made whole, the lame walking, and the blind seeing; and they praised the God of Israel.

†[NIV]The people were amazed when they saw the mute speaking, the crippled made well, the lame walking and the blind seeing. And they praised the God of Israel.

太15:32 耶稣叫门徒来，说：“我怜悯这众人，因为他们同我在这里已经三天，也没有吃的了。我不愿意叫他们饿着回去，恐怕在路上困乏。” (串)本章32-39可8:1-10|太9:36;14:14

†[吕]耶稣叫门徒来，说：“我怜悯这一群人，因为他们同我在一起已经三天了，也没有什么可吃的。要解散他们空着肚子走嘛，我又不愿意，恐怕他们在路上晕倒了。”

†[思]耶稣将自己的门徒召来说：“我很怜悯这群众，因为他们同我在一起已经叁天，也没有什么可吃的；我不愿遣散他们空着肚子回去，怕他们在路上晕倒。”

†[当代]耶稣召集了门徒到祂面前，对他们说：“我实在同情这些人，他们跟我在一起，已经三天了。这期间，他们什么也没有得吃；我不愿让他们饿著肚子回去，以免他们在半途支持不住昏倒。”

†[新译]耶稣叫门徒前来，说：“我怜悯这一群人，因为他们跟我在一起已经有三天，也没有什么吃的；我不想叫他们饿着肚子回去，恐怕他们在路上晕倒。”

†[Wlb]耶稣召其徒曰、我悯斯众、已偕我三日而无食、我不欲使之饥而去、恐途中困惫也、

†[Xdv]耶稣叫门徒来，对他们说：“我很替这一群人担心，他们跟我在一起已经三天，现在没有什么可吃的了。我不愿意叫他们饿着回去，恐怕会在路上晕倒。”

†[Kjv]Then Jesus called his disciples unto him, and said, I have compassion on the multitude, because they continue with me now three days, and have nothing to eat: and I will not send them away fasting, lest they faint in the way.

†[Nkjv]Now Jesus called His disciples to Himself and said, "I have compassion on the multitude, because they have now continued with Me three days and have nothing to eat. And I do not want to send them away hungry, lest they faint on the way."

†[BBE]And Jesus got his disciples together and said, I have pity for the people, because they have now been with me three days and have no food: and I will not send them away without food, or they will have no strength for the journey.

†[GNT] Jesus called his disciples to him and said, "I feel sorry for these people, because they have been with me for three days and now have nothing to eat. I don't want to send them away without feeding them, for they might faint on their way home."

†[NIV]Jesus called his disciples to him and said, "I have compassion for these people; they have already been with me three days and have nothing to eat. I do not want to send them away hungry, or they may collapse on the way."

本会注释　　[使四千人吃饱：太15:32-39=可8:1-10。注释主要在《马太福音》。见本卷注释221页地图和231页年表；关于神迹，见本卷注释208-213页] 。
　　叫门徒来。关于此前的事件，见@太15:21@注释。关于行这个神迹的地区，和以前在同一地区行过的一个神迹，以及这两个事件之间的关系，见@可5:1,18-20@注释。关于这两个事件的比较，见本章补充注释。时间可能在公元30年夏初，六月底或七月初。
　　怜悯。救主总是同情人类的苦难和悲伤（来4:15）。
　　众人。大部分是外邦人，即使不全是外邦人（《历代愿望》405页）。他们原来对耶稣怀有偏见，现在似乎不仅对祂友好，而且对祂的话很感兴趣。
　　三天。根据东方的计算方法，可能指一整天，再加上之前和之后的部分时间（见本卷注释248-250页）。人们可能至少带了一两天的食物，因为耶稣到第三天才考虑这个问题。
　　我不愿意。直译是“我不乐意”。
　　恐怕在路上困乏。他们饿了。耶稣既关心他们身体的福利，也关心他们的属灵福利。

太15:33 门徒说：“我们在这野地，哪里有这么多的饼叫这许多人吃饱呢？” (串)王下4:43

†[吕]门徒对他说：“我们在这野地哪里有这么多饼，让这么多的群众吃饱呢？”

†[思]门徒对他说：“在荒野我们从那得这么多的饼，使这么多的群众吃饱呢？”

†[当代]“但在这个偏僻的地方，到哪里去找足够的食物给他们吃呢？”

†[新译]门徒对他说：“我们在这旷野地方，哪里有足够的食物给这许多的人吃饱呢？”

†[Wlb]门徒曰、在野安得若许之饼、以饱斯众耶、

†[Xdv]门徒说：“在这偏僻的地方，我们哪里去找足够的食物给这一大群人吃饱呢？”

†[Kjv]And his disciples say unto him, Whence should we have so much bread in the wilderness, as to fill so great a multitude?

†[Nkjv]Then His disciples said to Him, "Where could we get enough bread in the wilderness to fill such a great multitude?"

†[BBE]And the disciples say to him, How may we get enough bread in a waste place, to give food to such a number of people?

†[GNT] The disciples asked him, "Where will we find enough food in this desert to feed this crowd?"

†[NIV]His disciples answered, "Where could we get enough bread in this remote place to feed such a crowd?"

本会注释　　参@可6:35-37@注释。

太15:34 耶稣说：“你们有多少饼？”他们说：“有七个，还有几条小鱼。”

†[吕]耶稣他们说：“你们有多少饼？”他们说：“七个，还有几条小鱼。”

†[思]耶稣对他们说：“你们有多少饼？”他们说：“七个，还有几条小鱼。”

†[当代]“你们有多少饼？”“七个饼，还有几条小鱼。”

†[新译]耶稣问他们：“你们有多少饼？”他们说：“七个饼和几条小鱼。”

†[Wlb]耶稣曰、尔有饼几何、曰、七、及数小鱼耳、

†[Xdv]耶稣问他们：“你们有多少饼？”他们回答：“七个饼和几条小鱼。”

†[Kjv]And Jesus saith unto them, How many loaves have ye? And they said, Seven, and a few little fishes.

†[Nkjv]Jesus said to them, "How many loaves do you have?" And they said, "Seven, and a few little fish."

†[BBE]And Jesus says to them, How much bread have you? And they said, Seven cakes, and some small fishes.

†[GNT] "How much bread do you have?" Jesus asked. "Seven loaves," they answered, "and a few small fish."

†[NIV]How many loaves do you have?" Jesus asked. "Seven," they replied, "and a few small fish."

本会注释　　有多少饼。关于在使5,000人吃饱时所提的类似问题，以及“饼”，见@可6:38@注释。
　　几条小鱼。鱼不多，在门徒看来，简直是微不足道。

太15:35 他就吩咐众人坐在地上，

†[吕]他就嘱咐群众坐在地上，

†[思]耶稣就吩咐群众坐在地上，

†[当代]耶稣便吩咐大家坐在地上，

†[新译]他就吩咐群众坐在地上，

†[Wlb]遂命众席地而坐、

†[Xdv]耶稣吩咐群众坐在地上，

†[Kjv]And he commanded the multitude to sit down on the ground.

†[Nkjv]So He commanded the multitude to sit down on the ground.

†[BBE]Then he gave an order to the people to be seated on the earth,

†[GNT] So Jesus ordered the crowd to sit down on the ground.

†[NIV]He told the crowd to sit down on the ground.

本会注释　　地。关于没有像在记录给5,000人吃饱时那样提到草这一重要事实，见本章补充注释。

太15:36 拿着这七个饼和几条鱼，祝谢了，擘开，递给门徒；门徒又递给众人。 (串)太16:10|太26:27可14:23路22:17,19约6:11,23徒27:35林前11:24

†[吕]便拿着那七个饼和那几条鱼，祝谢，擘开，连续地给门徒，门徒又给群众。

†[思]拿起那七个饼和鱼来，祝谢了，擘开，递给门徒；门徒再分给群众。

†[当代]祂拿著那些饼和鱼，仰天祷告，祝谢，然后随手擘开，递与门徒分给大家吃。

†[新译]拿起那七个饼和那些鱼，祝谢了，擘开递给门徒，门徒又分给众人。

†[Wlb]取七饼与鱼、祝谢而擘之、以予门徒、门徒予众、

†[Xdv]拿起那七个饼和几条小鱼，感谢上帝，掰开，递给门徒；门徒又分给大家。

†[Kjv]And he took the seven loaves and the fishes, and gave thanks, and brake them, and gave to his disciples, and the disciples to the multitude.

†[Nkjv]And He took the seven loaves and the fish and gave thanks, broke them and gave them to His disciples; and the disciples gave to the multitude.

†[BBE]And he took the seven cakes of bread and the fishes; and having given praise, he gave the broken bread to the disciples, and the disciples gave it to the people.

†[GNT] Then he took the seven loaves and the fish, gave thanks to God, broke them, and gave them to the disciples; and the disciples gave them to the people.

†[NIV]Then he took the seven loaves and the fish, and when he had given thanks, he broke them and gave them to the disciples, and they in turn to the people.

本会注释　　见@可6:41@注释。

太15:37 众人都吃，并且吃饱了，收拾剩下的零碎，装满了七个筐子。 (串)王下4:44

†[吕]众人都吃，并且吃饱了；他们把剩下的碎片儿捡起来，七筐子满满！

†[思]众人都吃了，也都饱了，把剩下的碎块收集了满满七篮子。

†[当代]大家吃饱之后，零碎的也装满了七个筐子！

†[新译]大家都吃了，并且吃饱了。他们把剩下的零碎拾起来，装满了七个大篮子。

†[Wlb]皆食而饱、拾其屑、盈七篮、

†[Xdv]大家都吃，而且吃饱了。门徒收拾剩余的碎屑，装满了七个篮子。

†[Kjv]And they did all eat, and were filled: and they took up of the broken meat that was left seven baskets full.

†[Nkjv]So they all ate and were filled, and they took up seven large baskets full of the fragments that were left.

†[BBE]And they all took food, and had enough; and they took up of the broken bits, seven baskets full.

†[GNT] They all ate and had enough. Then the disciples took up seven baskets full of pieces left over.

†[NIV]They all ate and were satisfied. Afterward the disciples picked up seven basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over.

本会注释　　众人都吃。见@可6:42@注释。
　　零碎。见@可6:43@注释。
　　筐子。spurides，是草绳或树枝编成了大篮子（见可6:43注释）。

太15:38 吃的人，除了妇女孩子，共有四千。

†[吕]吃的人、除了妇女孩子、共有四千。

†[思]吃的人数，除妇女和孩子外，约有四千人。

†[当代]当时在场的男人共有四千，还没算妇女和小孩的数目。

†[新译]吃的人，除了妇女和孩子，共有四千。

†[Wlb]食者、妇孺而外、四千人焉、

†[Xdv]吃饱的，妇女和小孩子以外，有四千人。

†[Kjv]And they that did eat were four thousand men, beside women and children.

†[Nkjv]Now those who ate were four thousand men, besides women and children.

†[BBE]And there were four thousand men who took food, together with women and children.

†[GNT] The number of men who ate was four thousand, not counting the women and children.

†[NIV]The number of those who ate was four thousand, besides women and children.

本会注释　　在让5,000人吃饱时，加上妇人儿童共有10,000多人在场（见《历代愿望》809页）。如果按这样的比例计算，在场的男女老少会有8,000多人。

太15:39 耶稣叫众人散去，就上船，来到马加丹的境界。 (串)可8:10

†[吕]耶稣解散了群众，就上船，来到马加丹的境界。

†[思]耶稣遣散了群众，就上船，来到玛加丹境内。

†[当代]随后，耶稣遣散了群众，自己坐船到马加丹地区去了。

†[新译]耶稣解散了群众，就上了船，来到马加丹地区。

†[Wlb]耶稣散众、登舟、入马加丹境、

†[Xdv]于是耶稣遣散群众，然后上船，往马加但地区去。

†[Kjv]And he sent away the multitude, and took ship, and came into the coasts of Magdala.

†[Nkjv]And He sent away the multitude, got into the boat, and came to the region of Magdala.

†[BBE]And when he had sent the people away, he got into the boat, and came into the country of Magadan.

†[GNT] Then Jesus sent the people away, got into a boat, and went to the territory of Magadan.

†[NIV]After Jesus had sent the crowd away, he got into the boat and went to the vicinity of Magadan.

本会注释　　马加丹。Magdala，《马可福音》是“大玛努他”（可8:10）。它可能有几个不同的名称。大多数现代权威版本均为马加丹，并暂时认定它是在加利利海西岸迦百农和提比哩亚之间的Mejdel，其遗址靠近革尼撒勒平原南部边界。

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