士师记第1章

《圣经》士师记-第1章

士1:1 约书亚死后，以色列人求问耶和华说：“我们中间谁当首先上去攻击迦南人，与他们争战？” (串)民27:21撒上22:10撒下2:1|士20:18

†[吕]约书亚死了以后，以色列人求问永恒主说：“谁要为我们先上去攻击迦南人，和他们交战呢？”

†[思]若苏厄死后，以色列子民询问上主说：“我们中谁应首先上去攻打客纳罕人？”

†[当代]约书亚去世以后，以色列人就求问主说：“我们十二族中，谁应首先上去攻打迦南人呢？”

†[新译]约书亚死后，以色列人求问耶和华说：“谁要为我们首先去攻打迦南人，与他们作战呢？”

†[Wlb]约书亚卒后、以色列人咨诹耶和华曰、孰可先往、为我攻迦南人、与之战、

†[Xdv]约书亚死后，以色列人求问上主：“我们当中哪一个支族该先上去攻打迦南人呢？”

†[Kjv]Now after the death of Joshua it came to pass, that the children of Israel asked the LORD, saying, Who shall go up for us against the Canaanites first, to fight against them?

†[Nkjv]Now after the death of Joshua it came to pass that the children of Israel asked the LORD, saying, "Who shall be first to go up for us against the Canaanites to fight against them?"

†[BBE]Now after the death of Joshua, the children of Israel made request to the Lord, saying, Who is to go up first to make war for us against the Canaanites?

†[GNT] After Joshua's death the people of Israel asked the Lord, "Which of our tribes should be the first to go and attack the Canaanites?"

†[NIV]After the death of Joshua, the Israelites asked the LORD , "Who will be the first to go up and fight for us against the Canaanites?"

本会注释　　约书亚死后。作者用这句话继续《约书亚书》的叙述。《约书亚书》也是以这种语气开始的：“耶和华的仆人摩西死了以后”（书1:1）。《士师记》的作者所记叙的事件，属于在约书亚死后的时期。不能确定其中最早的事件发生在约书亚死后的何时，但可能是不久之后，因为《士师记》一开始就说到在约书亚分配土地以后，各支派分散到他们自己的领土中去。
　　以色列人。可能只是指约旦河西的支派。
　　求问耶和华。见士18:5；20:18。指祭司凭借乌陵和土明的求问（民27:21）。这里所采用的，可能就是这种方法。以色列人是应该求问耶和华。约书亚活着的时候，他们依赖他。现在他们失去了领导，又面临危险，所以不敢依靠自己的智慧，而是遵照摩西的指示，恳求上帝指引（见雅1:5）。他们的祈祷直接表达了他们的需要。上帝的子民在作出重大决定之前，应当寻求上帝的引导，这在士师的时代和现在都是一样的。这种寻求不应该是草率而匆忙的，或者是在拿定主意、作出决定之后，否则就是违背了求问的初衷。上帝只尊重那些诚心来到祂面前、向祂敞开心扉，愿意遵循祂所指引之路的人。
　　谁当首先。说明他们中没有领头的人。他们知道每一个支派都需要去攻占分给他们的土地。但是该由哪一个支派带头，以鼓励其他的支派呢？他们求上帝为他们的进军任命一位领导。
　　上去。说明这些支派驻扎在耶利哥和吉甲周围的平原上。以下的叙述证实了这一点（士1:16；2:1）。这两座城市的地势低于海平面800英尺，而中以色列人将要攻取的一些地方高达海拔2500-3600英尺。“上去”的原文常用来表示“前去参战”。把“上去”与战争联系起来，说明防御的一方占据着高地。

士1:2 耶和华说：“犹大当先上去，我已将那地交在他手中。”

†[吕]永恒主说：“犹大要上去；看吧，我已把那地交在他手中了。”

†[思]上主说：“犹大先上去。看，我已将那地交在他手中。”

†[当代]主说：“犹大要先上去，我已经把那地交给他们了。”

†[新译]耶和华回答：“犹大要先上去，看哪，我已经把那地交在他手中。”

†[Wlb]耶和华曰、犹大人可往、我以斯土付于其手、

†[Xdv]上主回答：“犹大支族要先去。我要把这块土地交在他们手里。”

†[Kjv]And the LORD said, Judah shall go up: behold, I have delivered the land into his hand.

†[Nkjv]And the LORD said, "Judah shall go up. Indeed I have delivered the land into his hand."

†[BBE]And the Lord said, Judah is to go up: see, I have given the land into his hands.

†[GNT] The Lord answered, "The tribe of Judah will go first. I am giving them control of the land."

†[NIV]The LORD answered, "Judah is to go; I have given the land into their hands."

本会注释　　犹大当先上去。上帝的回答可能是通过凭借乌陵和土明求问的大祭司非尼哈传达的。让犹大支派带头，可能是因为他们人数最多（民2章），拥有最勇敢的人，包括迦勒。多年以前，迦勒曾与约书亚不顾其他十位探子的反对，竭力主张进攻迦南。在旷野飘流的时候，犹大支派一直是走在前面的。现在他们奉命率先进军。
　　我已将那地交在他手中。这是一段预言，把将要发生的事说成是已经发生的。“那地”指分给犹大支派的土地。

士1:3 犹大对他哥哥西缅说：“请你同我到拈阄所得之地去，好与迦南人争战；以后我也同你到你拈阄所得之地去。”于是西缅与他同去。

†[吕]犹大对他哥哥西缅说：“请同我上去、到我拈阄可得的地去，我们好和迦南人交战；以后我也可以同你到你拈阄可得的地去”；于是西缅和他同去。

†[思]犹大遂对自己的兄弟西默盎说：“请你同我到我拈阄所得的地方去，与客纳罕人作战，日后我也同你到你拈阄所得的地方去。”西默盎就同他去了。

†[当代]然而，犹大族的领袖向西缅族求助说：“请你们与我们一同前去攻打在我们所分得的地方中的迦南人，将来，我们也会同样地帮助你们。”于是，西缅族就与犹大族同去。

†[新译]犹大对自己的兄弟西缅说：“请你与我一同上我抽签所得的地业去，我们好与迦南人交战；以后我也与你一同到你抽签所得的地业去。”于是西缅与他一同去了。

†[Wlb]犹大人谓其兄弟西缅人曰、尔与我同往、至我所得之地、与迦南人战、厥后我亦与尔同往、至尔所得之地、西缅人遂偕行、

†[Xdv]犹大族人对他们的兄弟西缅族人说：“请跟我们到那已分配给我们的土地，一起去征服迦南人，然后我们就跟你们到分配给你们的土地去。”于是西缅和

†[Kjv]And Judah said unto Simeon his brother, Come up with me into my lot, that we may fight against the Canaanites; and I likewise will go with thee into thy lot. So Simeon went with him.

†[Nkjv]So Judah said to Simeon his brother, "Come up with me to my allotted territory, that we may fight against the Canaanites; and I will likewise go with you to your allotted territory." And Simeon went with him.

†[BBE]Then Judah said to Simeon his brother, Come up with me into my heritage, so that we may make war against the Canaanites; and I will then go with you into your heritage. So Simeon went with him.

†[GNT] The people of Judah said to the people of Simeon, "Go with us into the territory assigned to us, and we will fight the Canaanites together. Then we will go with you into the territory assigned to you." So the tribes of Simeon

†[NIV]Then the men of Judah said to the Simeonites their brothers, "Come up with us into the territory allotted to us, to fight against the Canaanites. We in turn will go with you into yours." So the Simeonites went with them.

本会注释　　犹大和西缅都是利亚的儿子（创29:33,35）。这两个支派自然应该互相帮助，因为他们的土地是连在一起的。西缅“所得的地业是在犹大人地业中间”（书19:1）。两个支派的领土大体上是从死海的北端到南端至地中海的范围。虽然在约书亚进军的时候曾击溃了南部迦南的同盟，但还剩下许多堡垒有待各支派去攻占。
　　在遇到困难的时候，兄弟间的合作乃为上策。最强壮的人也不可忽视他人，甚至是弱者的帮助。犹大支派是最强大的，而西缅支派则是最弱小的。但犹大支派还是要求西缅支派的帮助。我们还得注意到要求帮助的人要准备回报他人，正如犹大支派后来帮助西缅支派一样。基督徒应该互相帮助，抵制撒但害人的诡计。凡本着爱心互相帮助的人，他们的合作将会得到上帝丰盛的祝福。

士1:4 犹大就上去；耶和华将迦南人和比利洗人交在他们手中。他们在比色击杀了一万人，

†[吕]犹大就上去；永恒主把迦南人和比利洗人交在他们手中；他们在比色击败了一万人。

†[思]犹大上去，上主把客纳罕人和培黎齐人交在他们手中，他们在贝则克击杀了一万人。

†[当代]他们合力攻打迦南人和比利洗人，上帝使他们大获全胜，在比色杀了一万人。

†[新译]犹大上去了；耶和华就把迦南人和比利洗人交在他们手中；他们在比色击杀了一万人。

†[Wlb]犹大人乃往、耶和华以迦南人比利洗人付于其手、在比色杀其人一万、

†[Xdv]犹大支族联合去打仗；上主把迦南人和比利洗人交在他们手里。他们在比色杀了一万人，

†[Kjv]And Judah went up; and the LORD delivered the Canaanites and the Perizzites into their hand: and they slew of them in Bezek ten thousand men.

†[Nkjv]Then Judah went up, and the LORD delivered the Canaanites and the Perizzites into their hand; and they killed ten thousand men at Bezek.

†[BBE]And Judah went up; and the Lord gave the Canaanites and the Perizzites into their hands; and they overcame ten thousand of them in Bezek.

†[GNT] and Judah went into battle together. The Lord gave them victory over the Canaanites and the Perizzites, and they defeated ten thousand men at Bezek.

†[NIV]When Judah attacked, the LORD gave the Canaanites and Perizzites into their hands and they struck down ten thousand men at Bezek.

本会注释　　比色。位置不详，似乎靠近耶路撒冷。因为这个战役以后，以色列人就立即进攻耶路撒冷。有人认为这是指一个地区，而不是一个城市，位于耶利哥和耶路撒冷之间。撒上11:8提到一个名叫比色的城镇，但可能在其他地方，因为位于在示剑的东北部，不属这次犹大南征的范围。但参战的还有比利洗人。圣经说他们住在示剑以北和以东的高原森林里（书17:15）。“比利洗”源于一个意为“空旷之地”的词语，相当于现代的“贝督因人”（“游牧部落”）。

士1:5 又在那里遇见亚多尼比色，与他争战，杀败迦南人和比利洗人。

†[吕]他们在比色遇见了亚多尼比色（或译：亚多尼洗德），和他交战，击败了迦南人和比利洗人。

†[思]他们在贝则克又遇上了阿多尼贝则克，与他交战，击败了客纳罕人和培黎齐人。

†[当代]他们又在那里碰见亚多尼比色，于是就与他的军队交战，结果大败他们。

†[新译]他们在那里遇见了比色王，就与他交战，击杀了迦南人和比利洗人。

†[Wlb]于彼遇亚多尼比色、与之战、击败迦南人、比利洗人、

†[Xdv]并且在那里遇到亚多尼比色，就跟他作战。

†[Kjv]And they found Adonibezek in Bezek: and they fought against him, and they slew the Canaanites and the Perizzites.

†[Nkjv]And they found Adoni-Bezek in Bezek, and fought against him; and they defeated the Canaanites and the Perizzites.

†[BBE]And they came across Adoni-zedek, and made war on him; and they overcame the Canaanites and the Perizzites.

†[GNT] They found Adonibezek there and fought him.

†[NIV]It was there that they found Adoni-Bezek and fought against him, putting to rout the Canaanites and Perizzites.

本会注释　　亚多尼比色。意为“比色之主”，即比色的统治者。

士1:6 亚多尼比色逃跑；他们追赶，拿住他，砍断他手脚的大姆指。

†[吕]亚多尼比色逃跑；他们追赶他，把他抓住，砍断他手脚的大拇指。

†[思]阿多尼贝则克逃走，他们在后面追赶，捉住他，割去了他手脚的姆指。

†[当代]亚多尼比色仓皇逃命，却被节节追赶，终于被擒，并且被砍断手脚的大拇指。

†[新译]比色王逃跑；他们追赶他，把他捉住，砍去了他手脚的大拇指。

†[Wlb]亚多尼比色遁、追而擒之、断其手之巨擘、足之将指、

†[Xdv]亚多尼比色逃跑了；他们追他，俘掳了他，把他手脚的大姆指砍掉。

†[Kjv]But Adonibezek fled; and they pursued after him, and caught him, and cut off his thumbs and his great toes.

†[Nkjv]Then Adoni-Bezek fled, and they pursued him and caught him and cut off his thumbs and big toes.

†[BBE]But Adoni-zedek went in flight; and they went after him and overtook him, and had his thumbs and his great toes cut off.

†[GNT] He ran away, but they chased him, caught him, and cut off his thumbs and big toes.

†[NIV]Adoni-Bezek fled, but they chased him and caught him, and cut off his thumbs and big toes.

本会注释　　古代战争中的这种残忍行为是为了防止俘虏重新参战。史载希腊人有时也砍断俘虏的手，使他不能再拿矛或弓，但仍能从事劳动。对亚多尼比色的惩罚是使他不能再为国王。砍断大姆指使他无法奔跑。而奔跑对于当时的战士来说是十分重要的。

士1:7 亚多尼比色说：“从前有七十个王，手脚的大姆指都被我砍断，在我桌子底下拾取零碎食物。现在上帝按着我所行的报应我了。”于是他们将亚多尼比色带到耶路撒冷，他就死在那里。 (串)路16:21|利24:19撒上15:33

†[吕]亚多尼比色说：“从前有七十个王、手脚的大拇指都被我砍断、常在我桌子底下捡食物；我怎样行，上帝怎样报应我了。”他们将亚多尼比色带到耶路撒冷；他就死在那里。

†[思]阿多尼贝则克说：“七十位王子被割去了手脚的姆指，在我桌下拾取零碎食物；天主照我所行的报复了我。”他们将他带到耶路撒冷，他就死在那。

†[当代]亚多尼比色说：“从前我也曾砍断过七十个王的手脚的大拇指，又命他们在我的桌下拾取食物的碎屑，现在是上帝照我所行的报应我了。”于是，他们把他带到耶路撒冷，他就死在那里。

†[新译]比色王说：“从前有七十个王，手脚的大拇指都被我砍去，在我的桌子底下拾取食物；现在　神照着我所行的，报应我了。”于是他们把他带到耶路撒冷，后来他就死在那里。

†[Wlb]亚多尼比色曰、昔有七十王、断其手之巨擘、足之将指、拾食于我几下、今上帝依我所行以报、乃携至耶路撒冷、而死于彼、

†[Xdv]亚多尼比色说：“曾经有七十个王被我砍断手脚的大姆指；他们在我桌子底下捡丢弃的食物。现在上帝照着我所做的报应我了。”他被带到耶路撒冷，死在那里。

†[Kjv]And Adonibezek said, Threescore and ten kings, having their thumbs and their great toes cut off, gathered their meat under my table: as I have done, so God hath requited me. And they brought him to Jerusalem, and there he died.

†[Nkjv]And Adoni-Bezek said, "Seventy kings with their thumbs and big toes cut off used to gather scraps under my table; as I have done, so God has repaid me." Then they brought him to Jerusalem, and there he died.

†[BBE]And Adoni-zedek said, Seventy kings, whose thumbs and great toes had been cut off, got broken meat under my table: as I have done, so has God done to me in full. And they took him to Jerusalem, and he came to his end there.

†[GNT] Adonibezek said, "Seventy kings with their thumbs and big toes cut off have picked up scraps under my table. God has now done to me what I did to them." He was taken to Jerusalem, where he died.

†[NIV]Then Adoni-Bezek said, "Seventy kings with their thumbs and big toes cut off have picked up scraps under my table. Now God has paid me back for what I did to them." They brought him to Jerusalem, and he died there.

士1:8 犹大人攻打耶路撒冷，将城攻取，用刀杀了城内的人，并且放火烧城。 (串)书15:63

†[吕]犹大人攻打了耶路撒冷，将城攻取，用刀击杀了城里的人，放火烧城。

†[思]犹大子孙攻打了耶路撒冷，将城占领，用利剑杀了城中的居民，放火烧了城。

†[当代]后来，犹大人攻陷耶路撒冷，并且击杀城内所有的居民，更放火焚城。

†[新译]犹大人攻打耶路撒冷，把城占领，用刀击杀了城中的居民，又放火烧城。

†[Wlb]犹大人攻耶路撒冷取之、击之以刃、毁之以火、

†[Xdv]犹大族人攻打耶路撒冷。他们占领了那城，杀了城里的居民，并且放火烧城。

†[Kjv]Now the children of Judah had fought against Jerusalem, and had taken it, and smitten it with the edge of the sword, and set the city on fire.

†[Nkjv]Now the children of Judah fought against Jerusalem and took it; they struck it with the edge of the sword and set the city on fire.

†[BBE]Then the children of Judah made an attack on Jerusalem, and took it, burning down the town after they had put its people to the sword without mercy.

†[GNT] The people of Judah attacked Jerusalem and captured it. They killed its people and set fire to the city.

†[NIV]The men of Judah attacked Jerusalem also and took it. They put the city to the sword and set it on fire.

本会注释　　七十个王。在亚多尼比色统治时期，曾先后征服许多国王。他砍断他们手脚的大姆指后，就用残羹剩饭把他们供养在他的宫廷里。那时巴勒斯坦的王国都很小，往往只有一座城市，加上周围的地区。
　　拾取。即拾取零碎食物。
　　按着我所行的。亚多尼比色承认自己该受这样的惩罚。像他以后的许多其他人一样，他知道自己是罪有应得的。上帝不一定马上就报应人的罪行，而是长期的宽容，希望人能悔改，但最终所有的人都将不得不在祂的审判台前承认自己的罪孽。我们最好现在就到施恩座前认罪，以便脱离将来的忿怒。
　　耶路撒冷。本节并没有暗示这两个支派继续维持对耶路撒冷的控制。事实上圣经的记录表明，耶路撒冷依然在耶布斯人手里，直到数百年后被大卫所占领（撒下5:6,7）。到了大卫统治的时候，犹大支派才真正控制了巴勒斯坦南部。由于耶路撒冷不在犹大支派和西缅支派领地的范围之内，这些支派在很可能在攻占和焚烧了该城之后就放弃了。
　　死在那里。作者并没有说亚多尼比色被带到耶路撒冷以后活了多久。他可能很快就死了。

士1:9 后来犹大人下去，与住山地、南地，和高原的迦南人争战。 (串)书9:1;11:2,16;12:8

†[吕]后来犹大人下去，和住山地南地和低原的迦南人交战。

†[思]此后，犹大子孙下去与住在山地、南方和平原的客纳罕人作战。

†[当代]随后，他们下去攻打住在山地、低地和西面的迦南人，

†[新译]后来，犹大人下去，与住在山地、南地和高原的迦南人交战。

†[Wlb]厥后、往攻居山地南土洼地之迦南人、

†[Xdv]他们接着又攻打住在山区、山脚下，和南部干旱地带的迦南人。

†[Kjv]And afterward the children of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites, that dwelt in the mountain, and in the south, and in the valley.

†[Nkjv]And afterward the children of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites who dwelt in the mountains, in the South, and in the lowland.

†[BBE]After that the children of Judah went down to make war on the Canaanites living in the hill-country and in the south and in the lowlands.

†[GNT] After this they went on to fight the Canaanites who lived in the hill country, in the foothills, and in the dry country to the south.

†[NIV]After that, the men of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites living in the hill country, the Negev and the western foothills.

本会注释　　下去。他们征战的第一部分是从吉甲和耶利哥附近的平原“上去”，到中部的高原作战。现在他们从山上“下去”，到巴勒斯坦南部的三个地区作战：“山地、南地，和高原”。
　　山地。在《旧约》中指犹大山地，即贯穿北南的中部山脉。
　　南地。negeb. 希伯仑南部的山脉往平地倾斜，不那么崎岖，山谷也不那么深，山地逐渐下降为南方的沙漠。这个贫瘠荒芜，人烟稀少的地区从别是巴以北向南延伸到加低斯巴尼亚，向西延伸至大海，在希伯来语圣经中常称之为negeb。这个名称一直保留到今天，意为干旱荒芜之地。希伯来人十分熟悉迦南南部的这个地区，故用negeb来泛指“南部”（创24:62；书15:4,21；结47:19）。但本节的negeb代表上面所描述的地区。
　　高原。原文为shephelah.在犹大山地与巴勒斯坦平原之间临海的地区，均为海拔数百英尺的圆形小山。这个位于非利士边界的丘陵地带被称为示非拉，意为低地。

士1:10 犹大人去攻击住希伯仑的迦南人，杀了示筛、亚希幔、挞买。希伯仑从前名叫基列亚巴。 (串)民13:22书15:14|书14:15;15:13

†[吕]犹大人去攻击住希伯崙的迦南人，击杀了示筛、亚希幔、挞买；希伯崙从前名叫基列亚巴。

†[思]犹大又去攻打住在赫贝龙的客纳罕人，──赫贝龙以前名叫克黎雅特阿尔巴──击败了舍瑟、阿希曼和塔耳买。

†[当代]又进攻住在希伯仑（即基列亚巴）的迦南人，并且杀死示筛、亚希幔和挞买三人。

†[新译]犹大人又去攻击住在希伯仑的迦南人，杀了示筛、亚希幔和挞买；希伯仑从前名叫基列亚巴。

†[Wlb]又攻居希伯仑之迦南人、击示筛、亚希幔、挞买、希伯仑昔名基列亚巴、

†[Xdv]他们也攻打住在希伯仑城的迦南人（希伯仑从前叫基列亚巴），击败了示筛、亚希幔，和挞买族的人。

†[Kjv]And Judah went against the Canaanites that dwelt in Hebron: (now the name of Hebron before was Kirjatharba:) and they slew Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai.

†[Nkjv]Then Judah went against the Canaanites who dwelt in Hebron. (Now the name of Hebron was formerly Kirjath Arba.) And they killed Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai.

†[BBE]And Caleb went against the Canaanites of Hebron: (now in earlier times Hebron was named Kiriath-arba:) and he put Sheshai and Ahiman and Talmai to the sword.

†[GNT] They marched against the Canaanites living in the city of Hebron, which used to be called Kiriath Arba. There they defeated the clans of Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai.

†[NIV]They advanced against the Canaanites living in Hebron (formerly called Kiriath Arba) and defeated Sheshai, Ahiman and Talmai.

本会注释　　希伯仑。位于耶路撒冷和别是巴之间，距这两座城市各20英里，是犹大山地的最高点，海拔3040英尺。该城原名基列亚巴，意为“基列之城”。亚巴是亚纳族的始祖（书15:13；21:11；参书14:15）。希伯仑是亚伯拉罕，撒拉，以撒，利百加，雅各和利亚坟墓的所在地。作者在本节只是对攻占希伯仑作笼统的记录。在本章以后的章节中，将叙述迦勒攻占希伯仑，杀死亚衲族三个族长的详情（20节）。
　　示筛。这三个巨人在多年前迦勒与十个探子前来侦察该城时曾提到过（民13:22,28）。在本章20节中，他们被称为“亚衲族的三个族长”。

士1:11 他们从那里去攻击底壁的居民；底壁从前名叫基列西弗。 (串)书15:15

†[吕]他们从那里去攻击底壁的居民；底壁从前名叫基列西弗。

†[思]他们从那又去攻打住在德彼尔的居民，──德彼尔以前名叫克黎雅特色费尔。

†[当代]他们又从那里出兵攻打底璧（从前名叫基列西弗），

†[新译]他们从那里又去攻击底璧的居民；底璧从前名叫基列西弗。

†[Wlb]由此往攻底璧居民、底璧昔名基列西弗、

†[Xdv]犹大族人从那里进攻底璧城；那时，底璧叫基列西弗。

†[Kjv]And from thence he went against the inhabitants of Debir: and the name of Debir before was Kirjathsepher:

†[Nkjv]From there they went against the inhabitants of Debir. (The name of Debir was formerly Kirjath Sepher.)

†[BBE]And from there he went up against the people of Debir. (Now the name of Debir in earlier times was Kiriath-sepher.)

†[GNT] From there the men of Judah marched against the city of Debir, at that time called Kiriath Sepher.

†[NIV]From there they advanced against the people living in Debir (formerly called Kiriath Sepher).

本会注释　　他们从那里去攻击。指迦勒及其家族，而不是整个犹大支派和西缅支派。
　　底壁。原名基列西弗（书15:15），意为“书城”。所以学者们推测这里曾有一个著名的图书馆，就像亚述国王亚述巴尼拔所建的大型皇家图书馆那样。大多数学者都认同底壁就是W.F.奥尔布赖特博士所挖掘的米尔辛（Tell Beit Mirsim）。废墟里没有图书馆，不过该城还没有完全挖掘出来。考古证据表明，在希伯来人定居重建之前，该城曾遭遇一场毁灭性的大火。

士1:12 迦勒说：“谁能攻打基列西弗，将城夺取，我就把我女儿押撒给他为妻。”

†[吕]迦勒说：“谁能攻击基列西弗，将城攻取，我就把我女儿押撒给他为妻。”

†[思]那时加肋布说：“谁能攻打克黎雅特色费尔，将城拿下，我就将我的女儿阿革撒嫁给他为妻。”

†[当代]迦勒说：“哪一个能攻取基列西弗，我就把女儿押撒许配给他。”

†[新译]迦勒说：“谁能攻打基列西弗，把城攻取，我就把我的女儿押撒给他作妻子。”

†[Wlb]迦勒曰、击基列西弗而取之者、我必以女押撒妻之、

†[Xdv]犹大族人迦勒说：“谁攻下基列西弗，我就把我女儿押撒嫁给他。”

†[Kjv]And Caleb said, He that smiteth Kirjathsepher, and taketh it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife.

†[Nkjv]Then Caleb said, "Whoever attacks Kirjath Sepher and takes it, to him I will give my daughter Achsah as wife."

†[BBE]And Caleb said, I will give Achsah, my daughter, as wife to the man who overcomes Kiriath-sepher and takes it.

†[GNT] One of them, called Caleb, said, "I will give my daughter Achsah in marriage to the man who succeeds in capturing Kiriath Sepher."

†[NIV]And Caleb said, "I will give my daughter Acsah in marriage to the man who attacks and captures Kiriath Sepher."

本会注释　　这座城市显然进行顽固的抵抗。为了鼓舞支派各部族青年人的勇气，迦勒承诺将把女而嫁给第一个攻入城市的队长。从下文得知，这座城市也将成为幸运的攻城者的领地。这个故事也向我们证明了坐落于山区的这些南部城市是何等坚固。早年，在约书亚分配土地的时候，迦勒曾提到自己依然强壮，结果就得蒙准去攻占这个地区（书14:11）。

士1:13 迦勒兄弟基纳斯的儿子俄陀聂夺取了那城，迦勒就把女儿押撒给他为妻。 (串)书15:17士3:9

†[吕]迦勒的兄弟、那比他小的、基纳斯的儿子俄陀聂攻取了那城，迦勒就把女儿押撒给他为妻。

†[思]加肋布的弟弟刻纳次的儿子敖特尼耳夺取了那城，加肋布遂把自己的女儿阿革撒嫁给他为妻。

†[当代]迦勒的弟弟基纳斯的儿子俄陀聂率兵攻取了那城，迦勒便履行诺言，把女儿许配给他。

†[新译]迦勒的弟弟基纳斯的儿子俄陀聂攻取了那城，迦勒就把自己的女儿押撒给他作妻子。

†[Wlb]迦勒弟基纳斯子俄陀聂取之、迦勒遂妻以女押撒、

†[Xdv]迦勒的弟弟基纳斯的儿子俄陀聂攻下了那城，迦勒就把女儿押撒嫁给了他。

†[Kjv]And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it: and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife.

†[Nkjv]And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it; so he gave him his daughter Achsah as wife.

†[BBE]And Othniel, the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it; so he gave him his daughter Achsah for his wife.

†[GNT] Othniel, the son of Caleb's younger brother Kenaz, captured the city, so Caleb gave him his daughter Achsah in marriage.

†[NIV]Othniel son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it; so Caleb gave his daughter Acsah to him in marriage.

本会注释　　对于一个女子的爱情尚且能使人如此舍生忘死，奋勇向前，对上帝的爱将如何更加激励人不畏艰险呢？

士1:14 押撒过门的时候，劝丈夫向她父亲求一块田。押撒一下驴，迦勒问她说：“你要什么？”

†[吕]押撒过门的时候，怂恿丈夫向她父亲求块田地；押撒一下驴，迦勒就问她说：“你要什么？”

†[思]当她过门的时候，丈夫劝她向父亲要一块田地，她一下驴，加肋布便问她说：“你要什么？”

†[当代]押撒在过门的时候，怂恿丈夫向她父亲求取一块田。她一下驴，迦勒便问她说：“你想要些什么呢？”

†[新译]押撒出嫁的时候，她劝俄陀聂向她父亲求一块田；押撒一下驴，迦勒就对她说：“你要什么？”

†[Wlb]于归时、劝夫求田于父、女既下驴、迦勒曰、尔何欲、

†[Xdv]结婚那一天，俄陀聂怂恿（希伯来文是：她怂恿俄陀聂）押撒向她父亲要一块田地。押撒一下了驴，迦勒就问她要什么；

†[Kjv]And it came to pass, when she came to him, that she moved him to ask of her father a field: and she lighted from off her ass; and Caleb said unto her, What wilt thou?

†[Nkjv]Now it happened, when she came to him, that she urged him to ask her father for a field. And she dismounted from her donkey, and Caleb said to her, "What do you wish?"

†[BBE]Now when she came to him, he put into her mind the idea of requesting a field from her father: and she got down from her ass; and Caleb said to her, What is it?

†[GNT] On the wedding day Othniel urged her to ask her father for a field. She got down from her donkey, and Caleb asked her what she wanted.

†[NIV]One day when she came to Othniel, she urged him to ask her father for a field. When she got off her donkey, Caleb asked her, "What can I do for you?"

本会注释　　押撒过门的时候。押撒和其他妇女儿童显然远离战区，留在安全的地方。但现在父亲要她在众目睽睽之下嫁给俄陀聂，以表彰他的勇气，为部队树立榜样。当时都是由父母来安排女儿的婚事。但是只要不滥用这个习俗，父母还是不会强迫女儿嫁给自己所不喜欢的人的（创24:57；《先祖与先知》171页）。
　　劝丈夫向她父亲求一块田。15节则说她自己向她父亲求一块田。七十士译本的译文似乎更自然一些：“丈夫劝她向父亲求一块田”。但本节的意思是他要求丈夫准许她向父亲求一块田，或权丈夫向父亲要。
　　押撒一下驴。押撒尊敬她的父亲，所以下驴同他说话。在今日贝督因人的习俗依然要求晋见族长的人必须下马步行前往。，

士1:15 她说：“求你赐福给我，你既将我安置在南地，求你也给我水泉。”迦勒就把上泉下泉赐给她。

†[吕]她说：“请将一件祝福礼给我；你既给我住南地，求你也给我一块有水的盆地。”迦勒就把上盆地和下盆地都给了她。

†[思]她答说：“请你给我一件礼物，因为你既把我安置于南方旱地，求你也将水泉给我！”加肋布遂把上泉和下泉给了她。

†[当代]她回答说：“你既然已经把南面的土地赐给我，求你把水泉也给我吧。”于是迦勒便把上泉和下泉都给了她。

†[新译]她回答：“请你给我一份礼物；你既然把我安置在南地，求你也把水泉赐给我。”迦勒就把上泉和下泉都给了她。

†[Wlb]曰、求锡嘏于我、父既嫁我于南土、今请赐我以泉、迦勒遂以上下泉予之、

†[Xdv]她说：“请给我一件礼物；我要一些水泉，因为你给我的土地都是干地。”于是迦勒把上下水泉都给了她。

†[Kjv]And she said unto him, Give me a blessing: for thou hast given me a south land; give me also springs of water. And Caleb gave her the upper springs and the nether springs.

†[Nkjv]So she said to him, "Give me a blessing; since you have given me land in the South, give me also springs of water." And Caleb gave her the upper springs and the lower springs.

†[BBE]And she said to him, Give me a blessing; because you have put me in a dry south-land, now give me springs of water. So Caleb gave her the higher spring and the lower spring.

†[GNT] She answered, "I want some water holes. The land you have given me is in the dry country." So Caleb gave her the upper and lower springs.

†[NIV]She replied, "Do me a special favor. Since you have given me land in the Negev, give me also springs of water." Then Caleb gave her the upper and lower springs.

本会注释　　南地。“荒芜之地”。希伯来语的“南”为negeb，意为“干旱荒芜之地”。她的领地是在荒芜的南地，所以需要水泉供养羊群。丈夫不敢贸然要求这些水泉。但押撒知道父亲宠爱她，就在这对年轻夫妇要去自己的领地时提出了要求。于是迦勒把“上泉下泉”赐给她。在底壁和希伯仑之间有一个地区，里面有三组共十四口水泉。迦勒赐给新婚女儿的，可能就是这些水泉中的两口。
　　押撒的要求显然是合理的。迦勒也意识到这一点，就同意了。我们的天父安排着我们的命运。祂像任何地上的父母一样体谅和关怀我们。我们可以运用押撒那样的智慧，在合理的范围内求上帝改善我们的生活。上帝很愿意赐给我们泉水来解除干旱。祂要赐给我们丰盛的福气，超过我们所想所求的（弗3:20）。

士1:16 摩西的内兄（或作：岳父）是基尼人，他的子孙与犹大人一同离了棕树城，往亚拉得以南的犹大旷野去，就住在民中。 (串)士4:11,17撒上15:6;27:10;30:29|申34:3士3:13|民21:1|民10:29-32

†[吕]摩西的岳父是基尼人，他的子孙和犹大人一同离开了棕树城，上亚拉得那里的南地犹大的旷野去，和族民同住。

†[思]梅瑟的姻亲刻尼的子孙从棕树城上来，同犹大子孙一同往阿辣得南方的犹大旷野去，与那的百姓住在一起。

†[当代]摩西的岳父是基尼人，他的后代和犹大人一同离开棕树城（即耶利哥），到亚拉得南面的犹大荒野去，与当地的人一起居住。

†[新译]摩西岳父的子孙基尼人，和犹大人一同离开棕树城，上到亚拉得以南的犹大旷野去，住在那里的人民中。

†[Wlb]摩西外戚、基尼人也、其裔偕犹大人离棕树城、至亚拉得南之犹大野、与民同居、

†[Xdv]摩西岳父的后代是基尼人；他们跟棕树城──耶利哥的犹大人一起到亚拉得以南的犹大荒野，住在亚摩利人（希伯来文是：人民）当中。

†[Kjv]And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father in law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which lieth in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.

†[Nkjv]Now the children of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up from the City of Palms with the children of Judah into the Wilderness of Judah, which lies in the South near Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.

†[BBE]Now Hobab the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, had come up out of the town of palm-trees, with the children of Judah, into the waste land of Arad; and he went and was living among the Amalekites;

†[GNT] The descendants of Moses' father-in-law, the Kenite, went on with the people of Judah from Jericho, the city of palm trees, into the barren country south of Arad in Judah. There they settled among the Amalekites.

†[NIV]The descendants of Moses' father-in-law, the Kenite, went up from the City of Palms with the men of Judah to live among the people of the Desert of Judah in the Negev near Arad.

本会注释　　基尼人。或“米甸”(民10:29)。从摩西的时代起，这个民族一直与以色列人关系密切，但仍保持独立。由于他们与以色列人结盟并参战，所以能分享战利品，并住在犹大的领土中。后来他们中的一支迁到北方拿弗他利领地上（士4:11,17）。
　　棕树城。耶利哥通常被称为“棕树城”（申34:3；代下28:15）。但此时耶利哥古城已被摧毁，新城还没有建造(王上16:34)。因此这里的“棕树城”很可能是附近的另一座城市（见@书6:26@注释）。该地曾因棕榈和花园著称。约瑟弗斯曾热情地描写它的美丽。
　　亚拉得。基尼人定居的地方，在南地希伯仑南面偏东27公里处。

士1:17 犹大和他哥哥西缅同去，击杀了住洗法的迦南人，将城尽行毁灭，那城的名便叫何珥玛。 (串)民21:3申1:44

†[吕]犹大和他哥哥西缅一同去，击杀了住洗法的迦南人，把那城尽行毁灭归神。那城的名字便叫做何珥玛（即：‘被毁灭归神的’的意思）。

†[思]以后犹大和他兄弟西默盎又起程，击败了住在责法特的客纳罕人，将城完全毁灭，故称这城为曷尔玛。

†[当代]犹大族和西缅族一起出兵攻打洗法城内的迦南人，并且把他们彻底毁灭，因此那城被称为何珥玛，就是毁灭的意思。

†[新译]犹大与他的兄弟西缅同去，击杀了住在洗法的迦南人，把那城完全毁灭。那城的名字就叫何珥玛。

†[Wlb]犹大人与其兄弟西缅人偕往、击居洗法之迦南人、毁灭其邑、遂名曰何珥玛、

†[Xdv]犹大族人跟他们的兄弟西缅族人上去，联合击败了住在洗法城的迦南人，把那城全部摧毁，叫它做何珥玛（希伯来语的意思是：毁灭）。

†[Kjv]And Judah went with Simeon his brother, and they slew the Canaanites that inhabited Zephath, and utterly destroyed it. And the name of the city was called Hormah.

†[Nkjv]And Judah went with his brother Simeon, and they attacked the Canaanites who inhabited Zephath, and utterly destroyed it. So the name of the city was called Hormah.

†[BBE]And Judah went with Simeon, his brother, and overcame the Canaanites living in Zephath, and put it under the curse; and he gave the town the name of Hormah.

†[GNT] The people of Judah went with the people of Simeon, and together they defeated the Canaanites who lived in the city of Zephath. They put a curse on the city, destroyed it, and named it Hormah.

†[NIV]Then the men of Judah went with the Simeonites their brothers and attacked the Canaanites living in Zephath, and they totally destroyed the city. Therefore it was called Hormah.

本会注释　　何珥玛。意为“完全毁灭”。这是希伯来人给洗法所起的新名。但考古学家未能确定其位置。有人认为是别是巴和洗革拉附近的谢里阿（Tell esh-Sheri‘ah，又叫米沙什，Tell el-Mshash）。何珥玛在西缅的领土上（书9:4），与本节的记载相符。

士1:18 犹大又取了迦萨和迦萨的四境，亚实基伦和亚实基伦的四境，以革伦和以革伦的四境。 (串)书11:22

†[吕]犹大又攻取了迦萨和迦萨四境，亚实基伦和亚实基伦四境，以革伦和以革伦四境。

†[思]犹大却未能夺取迦萨及其四境；阿市刻隆及其四境；厄刻龙及其四境。

†[当代]犹大族又夺取了迦萨、亚实基伦和以革伦三座城镇和附近一带的地方。

†[新译]犹大又攻取了迦萨和迦萨的四境，亚实基伦和亚实基伦的四境，以革伦和以革伦的四境。

†[Wlb]犹大人又取迦萨、亚实基伦、以革伦、暨其四境、

†[Xdv]上主帮助犹大族人，他们就占领了山区，但没有占领（希伯来文是：占领了）迦萨、亚实基伦、以革伦，和这些城周围的土地。

†[Kjv]Also Judah took Gaza with the coast thereof, and Askelon with the coast thereof, and Ekron with the coast thereof.

†[Nkjv]Also Judah took Gaza with its territory, Ashkelon with its territory, and Ekron with its territory.

†[BBE]Then Judah took Gaza and its limit, and Ashkelon and its limit, and Ekron and its limit.

†[GNT] The Lord helped the people of Judah, and they took possession of the hill country. But they did not capture Gaza, Ashkelon, or Ekron, with their surrounding territories. These people living along the coast had iron chariots, and so the people of Judah we

†[NIV]The men of Judah also took Gaza, Ashkelon and Ekron-each city with its territory.

本会注释　　现在似乎是犹大支派在单独进行征战。他们从南地出发，越过海边的平原，向北方进攻，袭击了岸边的城市。他们突袭攻占了其中最南端的城市迦萨，以及亚实基伦和以革伦。这些巴勒斯坦联盟的中心城市就这样落入以色列人的手中。希伯来人似乎是通过突袭攻占这些城市的。但当巴勒斯坦人重新集结和发动反击的时候，他们就守不住了。所以下一节告诉我们犹大不能赶出平原的居民（又见士3:3）。

士1:19 耶和华与犹大同在，犹大就赶出山地的居民，只是不能赶出平原的居民，因为他们有铁车。 (串)书17:16,18士4:3,13

†[吕]永恒主和犹大同在，犹大就取得了山地；只是不能把山谷的居民赶出，因为他们有鉄车。

†[思]上主与犹大同在，因此，他占据了山地，但不能赶走平原的居民，因为他们有铁甲车。

†[当代]主与犹大族同在，使他们攻取山区的城镇；可是，因为住在平原的居民有铁造的战车，所以他们就不能逐出那里的人。

†[新译]耶和华与犹大同在，犹大就占领了山地；但不能赶走平原的居民，因为他们有铁车。

†[Wlb]耶和华与犹大人偕、遂据有山地、惟不能逐居谷中者、以其有铁车故也、

†[Xdv]这些住在沿海的人有铁车，所以犹大人无法把他们赶出去。

†[Kjv]And the LORD was with Judah; and he drave out the inhabitants of the mountain; but could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron.

†[Nkjv]So the LORD was with Judah. And they drove out the mountaineers, but they could not drive out the inhabitants of the lowland, because they had chariots of iron.

†[BBE]And the Lord was with Judah; and he took the hill-country for his heritage; but he was unable to make the people of the valley go out, for they had war-carriages of iron.

†[GNT] －

†[NIV]The LORD was with the men of Judah. They took possession of the hill country, but they were unable to drive the people from the plains, because they had iron chariots.

本会注释　　与犹大同在。犹大只取得局部的胜利，似乎是因为敌方武器的优势。为什么会发生这样的事呢？铁车在上帝的大能面前根本算不得什么。上帝的战车乃是千千万万的天使。上帝无穷的大能本来是唾手可得的，可是犹大支派却不能完全战胜敌人。《士师记》的作者后来解释了原因（见@士2:14-23@注释）。
　　铁车。在山区，马车无法施展，机动勇敢的希伯来军队就占了便宜。但是在广阔的沿海平原上，装备精良的迦南人却能击退入侵之敌。迦南人当时刚开始使用铁器。他们的冶炼技术要超过游牧的希伯来人。他们刚向赫人和户利人那里学会了战车的使用。与希伯来的步兵相比，他们拥有对方所无法匹敌的优势。

士1:20 以色列人照摩西所说的，将希伯仑给了迦勒；迦勒就从那里赶出亚衲族的三个族长。 (串)民14:24申1:36书14:13;15:13,14

†[吕]以色列人照摩西所说过的、将希伯崙给了迦勒；迦勒就从那里把亚衲人的子孙三族系赶出。

†[思]按照梅瑟吩咐的，他们把赫贝龙给了加肋布，因为他由那铲除了阿纳克的叁支后裔。

†[当代]以色列人依照摩西的吩咐把希伯仑分给迦勒，迦勒就把那里亚衲人三族的后代赶走。

†[新译]犹大照着摩西的吩咐，把希伯仑给了迦勒；迦勒就从那里赶走亚衲子孙的三族。

†[Wlb]遵摩西命、以希伯仑予迦勒、遂逐亚衲三子、

†[Xdv]照着摩西的命令，迦勒得了希伯仑；他把亚衲后代的三族赶出城。

†[Kjv]And they gave Hebron unto Caleb, as Moses said: and he expelled thence the three sons of Anak.

†[Nkjv]And they gave Hebron to Caleb, as Moses had said. Then he expelled from there the three sons of Anak.

†[BBE]And they gave Hebron to Caleb, as Moses had said; and he took the land of the three sons of Anak, driving them out from there.

†[GNT] As Moses had commanded, Hebron was given to Caleb, who drove out of the city the three clans descended from Anak.

†[NIV]As Moses had promised, Hebron was given to Caleb, who drove from it the three sons of Anak.

士1:21 便雅悯人没有赶出住耶路撒冷的耶布斯人。耶布斯人仍在耶路撒冷与便雅悯人同住，直到今日。 (串)书15:63

†[吕]至于住耶路撒冷的耶布斯人、便雅悯人却没有把他们赶出；于是耶布斯人和便雅悯人就同住在耶路撒冷、直到今日。

†[思]本雅明子孙没有逐出住在耶路撒冷的耶步斯人，因此耶步斯人与本雅明子孙，直到今日同住在耶路撒冷。

†[当代]但便雅悯族不能赶走在耶路撒冷居住的耶布斯人，于是便只好与他们杂居，直到今天。

†[新译]便雅悯人没有赶走住在耶路撒冷的耶布斯人，所以耶布斯人与便雅悯人一同住在耶路撒冷，直到今日。

†[Wlb]居耶路撒冷之耶布斯人、便雅悯人未逐之、仍在耶路撒冷、与便雅悯人偕居、至于今日、

†[Xdv]便雅悯族人没有把住在耶路撒冷的耶布斯人赶出去，所以耶布斯人一直跟便雅悯人住在那里。

†[Kjv]And the children of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites that inhabited Jerusalem; but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Benjamin in Jerusalem unto this day.

†[Nkjv]But the children of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites who inhabited Jerusalem; so the Jebusites dwell with the children of Benjamin in Jerusalem to this day.

†[BBE]And the children of Judah did not make the Jebusites who were living in Jerusalem go out; the Jebusites are still living with the children of Benjamin in Jerusalem.

†[GNT] But the people of the tribe of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites living in Jerusalem, and the Jebusites have continued to live there with the people of Benjamin ever since.

†[NIV]The Benjamites, however, failed to dislodge the Jebusites, who were living in Jerusalem; to this day the Jebusites live there with the Benjamites.

本会注释　　仍在耶路撒冷。根据第8节，犹大支派已经攻占耶路撒冷。他们没有巩固战果，可能是因为耶路撒冷属于便雅悯支派的领地。这两个支派的分界线在耶路撒冷的南面，穿越欣嫩谷（书15:8）。耶布斯人被犹大支派打败以后，就不再抵抗驻扎在城市周围的便雅悯支派。便雅悯支派缺乏占领全城的决心，就与异教的耶布斯人和平相处，混杂而居。几百年以后，大卫意识到占领这个要塞的重要性，就发动进攻，夺取了该城。在大卫统治的后期，这两个民族似乎依然和平共处。圣经说耶布斯人亚劳拿是一个受人尊敬的公民，品行端方（撒下24:18）。但在士师时代，耶路撒冷主要受耶布斯人所控制（士19:11,12）。便雅悯支派没有充分利用他们的机会。
　　直到今日。说明《士师记》的写作是在大卫攻占耶路撒冷之前。

士1:22 约瑟家也上去攻打伯特利；耶和华与他们同在。

†[吕]约瑟家也上去攻打伯特利；永恒主和他们同在。

†[思]若瑟家族也上去攻打贝特耳，上主与他们同在。

†[当代]约瑟的家族也上去攻打伯特利（从前名叫路斯），主与他们同在。他们先派人去窥探那城；

†[新译]约瑟家也上去攻打伯特利；耶和华与他们同在。

†[Wlb]约瑟家往攻伯特利、耶和华偕之、

†[Xdv]以法莲和玛拿西支族去攻打伯特利城；当时这城叫路斯。上主帮助他们。他们派探子到城里去；

†[Kjv]And the house of Joseph, they also went up against Bethel: and the LORD was with them.

†[Nkjv]And the house of Joseph also went up against Bethel, and the LORD was with them.

†[BBE]And the family of Joseph went up against Beth-el, and the Lord was with them.

†[GNT] The tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh went to attack the city of Bethel, at that time called Luz. The Lord helped them. They sent spies to the city,

†[NIV]Now the house of Joseph attacked Bethel, and the LORD was with them.

本会注释　　约瑟家。以法莲支派和半个玛拿西支派在巴勒斯坦西部。还有半个玛拿西支派在外约旦。
　　伯特利。意为“上帝的殿”，位于中部山区耶路撒冷以北16.4公里处。这个城市以当年雅各见天梯的异像而著称，并因此而得名（创28:10-22）。后来，它又以耶罗波恩设立偶像崇拜中心而著称。耶罗波恩使伯特利成为北方以色列全国性的宗教基地之一（王上12:29）。
　　耶和华与他们同在。不像从来没有尝试过信心的便雅悯支派，这两个支派在上帝的祝福下发动进攻，取得了胜利。

士1:23 约瑟家打发人去窥探伯特利（那城起先名叫路斯）。 (串)创28:19;35:6;48:3书18:13

†[吕]约瑟家打发了人去窥探伯特利。那城从前名叫路斯。

†[思]当若瑟家族差人去侦探贝特耳时，──这城昔名叫路次，──

†[当代]－

†[新译]约瑟家派人去窥探伯特利。那城从前的名字叫路斯。

†[Wlb]伯特利昔名路斯、约瑟家遣人窥之、

†[Xdv]－

†[Kjv]And the house of Joseph sent to descry Bethel. (Now the name of the city before was Luz.)

†[Nkjv]So the house of Joseph sent men to spy out Bethel. (The name of the city was formerly Luz.)

†[BBE]So they sent men to make a search round Beth-el. (Now the name of the town in earlier times was Luz.)

†[GNT] －

†[NIV]When they sent men to spy out Bethel (formerly called Luz),

本会注释　　他们在攻城以前先进行充分的侦察，以寻找克敌制胜的最佳途径。本节还说明那城起先名叫路斯。希伯来人占领该城以后，又重新将之命名为伯特利，以纪念雅各在这里的经历（创28:10-22）。新城显然不建在旧城的地点上。因为在《约书亚书》中，这两个城市是分开描述，但又是毗连的（住16:2）。该城原属便雅悯支派，但靠近以法莲的边界（书18:13,21,22）。

士1:24 窥探的人看见一个人从城里出来，就对他说：“求你将进城的路指示我们，我们必恩待你。” (串)书2:12,14

†[吕]侦探看见一个人从城里出来，就对他说：“请把进城的路指示我们，我们就恩待你。”

†[思]侦探看见一个人从城出来，就向他说：“请指给我们进城的路，我们必要恩待你。”

†[当代]负责打探的看见一个人从城里出来，就对他说：“请你告诉我哪一条路是进城的，我们必会好好报答你。”

†[新译]窥探的人看见一个人从城里出来，就对他说：“请你把进城的路指示我们，我们必恩待你。”

†[Wlb]侦者见一人自邑出、谓之曰、入邑之路、请尔示我、我必善待尔、

†[Xdv]探子看见一个人从城里出来，就问他：“请告诉我们怎样进城，我们不伤害你。”

†[Kjv]And the spies saw a man come forth out of the city, and they said unto him, Shew us, we pray thee, the entrance into the city, and we will shew thee mercy.

†[Nkjv]And when the spies saw a man coming out of the city, they said to him, "Please show us the entrance to the city, and we will show you mercy."

†[BBE]And the watchers saw a man coming out of the town, and said to him, If you will make clear to us the way into the town, we will be kind to you.

†[GNT] who saw a man leaving and said to him, "Show us how to get into the city, and we won't hurt you."

†[NIV]the spies saw a man coming out of the city and they said to him, "Show us how to get into the city and we will see that you are treated well."

士1:25 那人将进城的路指示他们，他们就用刀击杀了城中的居民，但将那人和他全家放去。

†[吕]那人把进城的路指示他们，他们就用刀击杀了城里的人，们将那人和他全家放走。

†[思]那人就指给了他们进城的路;他们用刀屠杀了全城的居民，但把那人和他全家放走了。

†[当代]那人便指示他们进城的路；于是军队便得以沿路进城，击杀城内所有居民，却放走那人和他的全家。

†[新译]那人把进城的路指示了他们，他们就用刀击杀了那城的居民，却把那人和他的全家都放走。

†[Wlb]其人示以入邑之路、遂刃击其邑、惟释其人、及其全家、

†[Xdv]那人告诉了他们。于是以法莲和玛拿西族人杀死城里所有的居民，只留下那人和他的家人。

†[Kjv]And when he shewed them the entrance into the city, they smote the city with the edge of the sword; but they let go the man and all his family.

†[Nkjv]So he showed them the entrance to the city, and they struck the city with the edge of the sword; but they let the man and all his family go.

†[BBE]So he made clear to them the way into the town, and they put it to the sword; but they let the man and all his family get away safe.

†[GNT] So he showed them, and the people of Ephraim and Manasseh killed everyone in the city, except this man and his family.

†[NIV]So he showed them, and they put the city to the sword but spared the man and his whole family.

士1:26 那人往赫人之地去，筑了一座城，起名叫路斯。那城到如今还叫这名。 (串)书1:4

†[吕]那人往赫人之地去，建造了一座城，起它起名叫路斯；直到今日、那城还叫这名。

†[思]那人到了赫特人的地方，建了一座城，起名叫路次，直到今日仍叫此名。

†[当代]后来，那人走到赫人的地方，筑了一座城，给它起名叫路斯，直到今天。

†[新译]那人到赫人之地去了，筑了一座城，给它起名叫路斯；直到今日那城还叫这名。

†[Wlb]其人乃往赫人之地建邑、名曰路斯、迄今其名尚存、

†[Xdv]后来，那人到赫人的土地，在那里建了一座城，叫它做路斯；这城到现在仍叫这名。

†[Kjv]And the man went into the land of the Hittites, and built a city, and called the name thereof Luz: which is the name thereof unto this day.

†[Nkjv]And the man went to the land of the Hittites, built a city, and called its name Luz, which is its name to this day.

†[BBE]And he went into the land of the Hittites, building a town there and naming it Luz: which is its name to this day.

†[GNT] He later went to the land of the Hittites, built a city there, and named it Luz, which is still its name.

†[NIV]He then went to the land of the Hittites, where he built a city and called it Luz, which is its name to this day.

本会注释　　探子利用了俘虏害怕被处死的恐惧心理，向他提出了免死的条件。由于他说出了秘密的通道，希伯来人轻而易举地攻下了城，消灭了城里的居民，只饶了那人和他的家人。

士1:27 玛拿西没有赶出伯善和属伯善乡村的居民，他纳和属他纳乡村的居民，多珥和属多珥乡村的居民，以伯莲和属以伯莲乡村的居民，米吉多和属米吉多乡村的居民；迦南人却执意住在那些地方。 (串)书11:2;12:23

†[吕]玛拿西也没有赶出伯善和属伯善厢镇的居民，他纳和属他纳厢镇的居民，多珥和属多珥厢镇的居民，以伯莲和属以伯莲厢镇的居民，米吉多和属米吉多厢镇的居民；这些迦南人执意住在那地。

†[思]默纳协没有赶走贝特商及其属境的居民，塔纳客及其属境的居民，多尔及其属境的居民，依贝肋罕及其属境的居民，默基多及其属境的居民，客纳罕人依旧住在这些地方。

†[当代]玛拿西族不能赶走伯善、他纳、多珥、以伯莲和米吉多众城镇和附近村庄的居民，于是，这些迦南人就仍然住在那里。

†[新译]玛拿西没有赶走伯善和属于伯善的乡村的居民，他纳和属于他纳的乡村的居民，多珥和属于多珥的乡村的居民，以伯莲和属于以伯莲的乡村的居民，米吉多和属于米吉多的乡村的居民；迦南人决意住在那地。

†[Wlb]伯善、他纳、多珥、以伯莲、米吉多、及其乡里之民、玛拿西人未逐之、迦南人执意居其地、

†[Xdv]玛拿西支族的人没有把住在伯善、他纳、多珥、以伯莲、米吉多，和附近村庄的居民赶出去；迦南人继续住在那里，没有退让。

†[Kjv]Neither did Manasseh drive out the inhabitants of Bethshean and her towns, nor Taanach and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Dor and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Ibleam and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Megiddo and her towns: but the Canaanites w

†[Nkjv]However, Manasseh did not drive out the inhabitants of Beth Shean and its villages, or Taanach and its villages, or the inhabitants of Dor and its villages, or the inhabitants of Ibleam and its villages, or the inhabitants of Megiddo and its villages; for

†[BBE]And Manasseh did not take away the land of the people of Beth-shean and its daughter-towns, or of Taanach and its daughter-towns, or of the people of Dor and its daughter-towns, or of the people of Ibleam and its daughter-towns, or of the people of Megidd

†[GNT] The tribe of Manasseh did not drive out the people living in the cities of Beth Shan, Taanach, Dor, Ibleam, Megiddo, and the nearby towns; the Canaanites continued to live there.

†[NIV]But Manasseh did not drive out the people of Beth Shan or Taanach or Dor or Ibleam or Megiddo and their surrounding settlements, for the Canaanites were determined to live in that land.

本会注释　　玛拿西没有赶出。作者的叙述是从犹大支派进攻巴勒斯坦南部开始，再往巴勒斯坦的中部和北部。至此叙述有了一个新的趋势。以前希伯来人有胜也有负。如今只列出各支派所没有攻占的迦南城邑。玛拿西支派所没有赶出居民的城镇包括一系列防守路口的要塞。
　　伯善。伯善古城位于所谓“迦南防线”的东端。从这里开始，耶斯列平原向约旦河倾斜。这是巴勒斯坦最古老的城市之一，在不同的时期均为不同异教神明的崇拜中心。它是非常坚固的堡垒，建在一座高山之上以前世代的废墟旁。由于它的战略位置，它控制着通往大马士革的道路。考古的挖掘表明这里曾是埃及的要塞达数百年之久，至公元前约十二世纪。在扫罗的时代，该城受非利士人控制。非利士人的中心则远在南方。后来大卫可能攻占了它。因为王上4:12提到它是所罗门的城邑之一。自从大约耶利米的时代西古提人占领了它以后，它长期以来被称为西古提波利斯。如今它叫休森（Tell el Husn）。附近的一个阿拉伯城镇仍采用“伯善”的古名。
　　本节所提到的其他要塞控制着从撒玛利亚中部山区通往埃斯德赖隆（或米吉多）富饶平原的路口。米吉多在防线的西端，控制着埃及和米索不大米亚之间的道路。因此在埃及向北部和东部的大帝国进军的时候，它占有重要的地位。他纳至今仍保留着古名，在米吉多东南面约7.6公里。
　　乡村的居民。直译为“她的女儿”。指这些要塞周围的小村庄。
　　迦南人却执意住在那些地方。他们顽强地抵制希伯来人驱逐他们的企图。他们知道，只要他们占据着这些要塞，就能控制旅游和经商的主要通道，还能把各个支派割裂开来，防止希伯来人结成同盟。他们运用了分割战胜的军事准则。

士1:28 及至以色列强盛了，就使迦南人做苦工，没有把他们全然赶出。 (串)书17:12,13

†[吕]到以色列强大了，就使迦南人作苦工，没有把他们全部赶出。

†[思]等到以色列强盛了，只能使客纳罕人服役，终未能把他们全部逐出。

†[当代]后来，以色列人日益强盛起来，就奴役他们，却始终没有把他们全部赶走。

†[新译]到以色列强盛了，就迫使迦南人作苦工，但没有把他们完全赶走。

†[Wlb]迨以色列族强盛、使迦南人服役、不尽逐之、

†[Xdv]以色列人强盛后，他们强迫迦南人服苦役，但是没有把他们都赶走。

†[Kjv]And it came to pass, when Israel was strong, that they put the Canaanites to tribute, and did not utterly drive them out.

†[Nkjv]And it came to pass, when Israel was strong, that they put the Canaanites under tribute, but did not completely drive them out.

†[BBE]And whenever Israel became strong, they put the Canaanites to forced work, without driving them out completely.

†[GNT] When the Israelites became stronger, they forced the Canaanites to work for them, but still they did not drive them all out.

†[NIV]When Israel became strong, they pressed the Canaanites into forced labor but never drove them out completely.

本会注释　　做苦工。mas.指使人从事劳役，而不是指劳役本身。大卫和所罗门都曾征用苦力从事建筑工程和巩固城防工事（王上5:13；9:15,21）。那时希伯来人在所统治的区域里迫使被打败的迦南人从事重建所攻占的城市，加强防御工事的工作。
　　没有把他们全然赶出。即使在希伯来人占优势的地区，仍有大批迦南人被迫从事劳役，以换取继续住在自己的村庄进行耕作的权利。《士师记》后面的历史证明这种做法给以色列宗教和道德所造成的危害。

士1:29 以法莲没有赶出住基色的迦南人。于是迦南人仍住在基色，在以法莲中间。 (串)书16:10王上9:16

†[吕]以法莲也没有把住基色的迦南人赶出；于是迦南人仍住在基色、在以法莲中间。

†[思]厄弗辣因也没有逐出住在革则尔的客纳罕人，所以客纳罕人仍在革则尔住在他们中间。

†[当代]以法莲族不能赶走住在基色的迦南人，于是，这些迦南人便杂居在他们当中。

†[新译]以法莲也没有把住在基色的迦南人赶走，于是迦南人还住在基色，在以法莲中间。

†[Wlb]居基色之迦南人、以法莲人未逐之、仍居基色、在以法莲人中、

†[Xdv]以法莲支族的人没有把住在基色城的迦南人赶出去，所以迦南人继续跟他们住在一起。

†[Kjv]Neither did Ephraim drive out the Canaanites that dwelt in Gezer; but the Canaanites dwelt in Gezer among them.

†[Nkjv]Nor did Ephraim drive out the Canaanites who dwelt in Gezer; so the Canaanites dwelt in Gezer among them.

†[BBE]And Ephraim did not make the Canaanites who were living in Gezer go out; but the Canaanites went on living in Gezer among them.

†[GNT] The tribe of Ephraim did not drive out the Canaanites living in the city of Gezer, and so the Canaanites continued to live there with them.

†[NIV]Nor did Ephraim drive out the Canaanites living in Gezer, but the Canaanites continued to live there among them.

本会注释　　基色。以法莲西南靠近非利士边界的一座古城，在耶路撒冷西北约30.8公里处。迦南人继续占领这座城市（撒上27:8；撒下5:25；代上20:4），直到后来被一个埃及法老所夺取，作为女儿的嫁妆送给所罗门（王上9:16）。从这座城市的遗址上，发掘出大量迦南的家用物件，一座大型的迦南庙宇，以及迦南人把婴儿埋在所建房屋地基里之习俗的许多遗迹。

士1:30 西布伦没有赶出基伦的居民和拿哈拉的居民。于是迦南人仍住在西布伦中间，成了服苦的人。 (串)书19:15;21:35

†[吕]西布伦没有赶出基伦的居民和拿哈拉的居民赶出；于是迦南人仍住在西布伦中间，成了作苦工的人。

†[思]则步隆也没有逐出克特龙的居民及纳哈罗耳的居民，客纳罕人仍住在他们中间，但应为他们服役。

†[当代]西布伦族也没赶走基伦和拿哈拉的居民，这些迦南人便杂居在他们当中，受他们奴役。

†[新译]西布伦没有把基伦的居民和拿哈拉的居民赶走；于是迦南人还住在西布伦中间，成了作苦工的人。

†[Wlb]基伦拿哈拉之居民、西布伦人未逐之、仍居西布伦人中、而服其役、

†[Xdv]西布伦支族的人没有把住在基伦和拿哈拉城的居民赶出去，所以迦南人继续住在那里，但是被西布伦人奴役。

†[Kjv]Neither did Zebulun drive out the inhabitants of Kitron, nor the inhabitants of Nahalol; but the Canaanites dwelt among them, and became tributaries.

†[Nkjv]Nor did Zebulun drive out the inhabitants of Kitron or the inhabitants of Nahalol; so the Canaanites dwelt among them, and were put under tribute.

†[BBE]Zebulun did not make the people of Kitron or the people of Nahalol go out; but the Canaanites went on living among them and were put to forced work.

†[GNT] The tribe of Zebulun did not drive out the people living in the cities of Kitron and Nahalal, and so the Canaanites continued to live there with them and were forced to work for them.

†[NIV]Neither did Zebulun drive out the Canaanites living in Kitron or Nahalol, who remained among them; but they did subject them to forced labor.

本会注释　　作者开始叙述分配在巴勒斯坦北部，位于埃斯德赖隆平原以北的支派。没有提到以萨迦支派，尽管在《底波拉之歌》（士5章）中，以萨迦是一个比较强大的支派。每一个支派的情况都是差不多的。他们没有足够的力量攻占自己领土中的要塞。在山区，他们无法相南方的支派那样实施有效的控制。他们只是夺取一些小块的土地，聚居在迦南人原有的定居点之间。

士1:31 亚设没有赶出亚柯和西顿的居民，亚黑拉和亚革悉的居民，黑巴、亚弗革与利合的居民。 (串)书19:24-30

†[吕]亚设没有把亚柯的居民和西顿的居民赶出，也没有把亚黑拉、亚革悉、黑巴、亚弗革、和利合的居民赶出；

†[思]阿协尔也没有把阿苛、漆冬、阿赫拉布、阿革齐布、赫耳巴、阿费克和勒曷布的居民逐出，

†[当代]亚设族也不能赶走亚柯、西顿、亚黑拉、亚革悉、黑巴、亚弗革和利合的居民，

†[新译]亚设没有把亚柯的居民和西顿的居民赶走，也没有把亚黑拉、亚革悉、黑巴、亚弗革和利合的居民赶走。

†[Wlb]亚柯、西顿、亚黑拉、亚革悉、黑巴、亚弗革、利合之居民、亚设人未逐之、

†[Xdv]亚设族人没有把住在亚柯、西顿、亚黑拉、亚革悉、黑巴、亚弗革，和利合的居民赶出去。

†[Kjv]Neither did Asher drive out the inhabitants of Accho, nor the inhabitants of Zidon, nor of Ahlab, nor of Achzib, nor of Helbah, nor of Aphik, nor of Rehob:

†[Nkjv]Nor did Asher drive out the inhabitants of Acco or the inhabitants of Sidon, or of Ahlab, Achzib, Helbah, Aphik, or Rehob.

†[BBE]And Asher did not take the land of the people of Acco, or Zidon, or Ahlab, or Achzib, or Helbah, or Aphik, or Rehob, driving them out;

†[GNT] The tribe of Asher did not drive out the people living in the cities of Acco, Sidon, Ahlab, Achzib, Helbah, Aphek, and Rehob.

†[NIV]Nor did Asher drive out those living in Acco or Sidon or Ahlab or Aczib or Helbah or Aphek or Rehob,

本会注释　　亚设支派和西布伦指派一样窝囊。划给它的是沿海的平原和迦密北部的丘陵。这原是腓尼基人的土地。腓尼基当时还没有成为海上贸易的强国。亚设支派散居在迦南人中间，在文化和宗教上比其他支派更易受迦南人的影响。他们很快就丧失了自己的许多宗教特色。后来当底波拉呼吁各支派联合起来对付迦南人时，她说“亚设人在海口静坐，在港口安居”（士5:17）。
　　书19:30说，这个地区有22座城镇分给亚设支派。本章则告诉我们其中至少有七座城市还没有被攻占，包括著名的亚柯和西顿。显然亚设支派在征服自己领地的工作中收效甚小。

士1:32 于是，亚设因为没有赶出那地的迦南人，就住在他们中间。

†[吕]于是亚设人住在那地的居民迦南人中间，因为他们没有把他们赶出。

†[思]所以阿协尔人住在当地的居民客纳罕人中间，因为他们没有把他们逐出去。

†[当代]所以，住在这些城镇的迦南人便杂居在以色列人当中。

†[新译]于是亚设人住在当地的居民迦南人中间，因为他们没有把他们赶走。

†[Wlb]居于土著迦南人中、盖不逐之、

†[Xdv]他们跟这些当地的迦南人住在一起，没有把他们赶出去。

†[Kjv]But the Asherites dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: for they did not drive them out.

†[Nkjv]So the Asherites dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land; for they did not drive them out.

†[BBE]But the Asherites went on living among the Canaanites, the people of the land, without driving them out.

†[GNT] The people of Asher lived with the local Canaanites, since they had not been driven out.

†[NIV]and because of this the people of Asher lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land.

本会注释　　29和30节说迦南人住在希伯来人中间，说明希伯来人更强大一些。但作者在本节却说亚设人住在迦南人中间，这似乎暗示迦南人在当地占支配地位。

士1:33 拿弗他利没有赶出伯示麦和伯亚纳的居民，于是拿弗他利就住在那地的迦南人中间；然而伯示麦和伯亚纳的居民成了服苦的人。 (串)书19:32-39

†[吕]拿弗他利没有把伯示麦的居民和伯亚纳的居民赶出；于是拿弗他利就住在那地的居民迦南人中间；然而伯示麦和伯亚纳的居民却成了给以色人作苦工的。

†[思]纳斐塔里也没有把贝特舍默士的居民和贝特阿纳特的居民逐出，于是他们就住在当地的居民客纳罕人中间；但是贝特舍默士和贝特阿纳特的居民应为他们服役。

†[当代]拿弗他利族也不能赶走伯示麦和伯亚纳的居民，这些迦南人便杂居在他们当中，受他们奴役。

†[新译]拿弗他利没有把伯示麦的居民和伯亚纳的居民赶走；于是他们就住在当地的居民迦南人中间；伯示麦和伯亚纳的居民成了给他们作苦工的人。

†[Wlb]伯示麦伯亚纳之居民、拿弗他利人未逐之、居于土著迦南人中、二邑居民、乃服其役、

†[Xdv]拿弗他利族人没有把住在伯示麦和伯亚纳城的居民赶出去。他们跟当地的迦南人住在一起，但强迫这些人服苦役。

†[Kjv]Neither did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Bethshemesh, nor the inhabitants of Bethanath; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of Bethshemesh and of Bethanath became tributaries unto them.

†[Nkjv]Nor did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh or the inhabitants of Beth Anath; but they dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land. Nevertheless the inhabitants of Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath were put under tribute to them.

†[BBE]Naphtali did not take the land of the people of Beth-shemesh or of Beth-anath, driving them out; but he was living among the Canaanites in the land; however, the people of Beth-shemesh and Beth-anath were put to forced work.

†[GNT] The tribe of Naphtali did not drive out the people living in the cities of Beth Shemesh and Bethanath. The people of Naphtali lived with the local Canaanites, but forced them to work for them.

†[NIV]Neither did Naphtali drive out those living in Beth Shemesh or Beth Anath; but the Naphtalites too lived among the Canaanite inhabitants of the land, and those living in Beth Shemesh and Beth Anath became forced laborers for them.

本会注释　　这是同样不幸的局面。拿弗他利支派未能征服的地方是古老的城邑，名字取自女神亚纳和太阳神示麦的著名庙宇。但希伯来人十分强大，使这些城市的居民为他们服劳役。拿弗他利地区后来叫加利利。那里异教的成分十分活跃，以致被称为“外邦人的加利利地”（赛9:1），意为“外邦地区”。

士1:34 亚摩利人强逼但人住在山地，不容他们下到平原； (串)书19:47,48

†[吕]亚摩利人把但人挤回山地上，不容他们下到山谷来。

†[思]阿摩黎人强迫丹的子孙住在山上，不让他们下到平原。

†[当代]可是亚摩利人强迫但族的人住在山地，禁止他们下到平原。

†[新译]亚摩利人强迫但人退回山地上，不容他们下到平原来。

†[Wlb]但人为亚摩利人所逼、使居山地、不许下至平原、

†[Xdv]亚摩利人把但族人逼上山区，不准他们下到平原来。

†[Kjv]And the Amorites forced the children of Dan into the mountain: for they would not suffer them to come down to the valley:

†[Nkjv]And the Amorites forced the children of Dan into the mountains, for they would not allow them to come down to the valley;

†[BBE]And the children of Dan were forced into the hill-country by the Amorites, who would not let them come down into the valley;

†[GNT] The Amorites forced the people of the tribe of Dan into the hill country and did not let them come down to the plain.

†[NIV]The Amorites confined the Danites to the hill country, not allowing them to come down into the plain.

本会注释　　但支派的领地在犹大支派和以法莲支派领地之间的狭长山谷和丘陵地带。该支派起先试图向平原推进。在上帝的祝福下，他们本来可以一直推进到大海。可是当地居民把他们赶回了山区。他们只好在琐拉和以实陶等城镇周围巩固阵地。参孙是但支派的人。他就是从这里出发向非利士人发动进攻的（士13-16章）。但这个地区太小，以致当这个支派的人口增加时，就迁到巴勒斯坦北部约旦河的源头附近。他们攻占了拉亿城，将它重新命名为但（士18,19章；见@书19:47@注释）。
　　值得注意的是《士师记》的作者在这里称当地的居民为亚摩利人，而不是迦南人。有人认为这两个名字指的是同一个民族。他们主张被称为迦南人的本地居民，原先与亚摩利人来自同一地区。但亚摩利人似乎是以后移民而来的。由于他们比迦南人后来，他们的文化比原先的迦南文化更具游牧色彩。一首古老的苏美尔诗歌是这样描写亚摩利人的：
　　“武器就是他们的战友，
　　　他们绝不屈服，
　　　吃生肉，
　　　一辈子不住房屋，
　　　也不埋葬死去的战友。”
　　士师时代的亚摩利人可能已发展到开始定居下来，不像上面那首诗歌所描写的那样。他们散布在整个近东地区，由国王统治着大大小小亚摩利王国。著名的巴比伦国王汉漠拉比就是亚摩利人。“亚摩利”意为“西方人”，是已知最早的巴比伦居民苏美尔人给起的名字。

士1:35 亚摩利人却执意住在希烈山和亚雅伦并沙宾。然而约瑟家胜了他们，使他们成了服苦的人。 (串)书19:42

†[吕]亚摩利人执意住在希烈山、亚雅伦、和沙宾，然而约瑟家的手占了优势，他们就成了作苦工的人。

†[思]阿摩黎人依旧住在哈尔赫勒斯、阿雅隆和沙耳宾；但在若瑟家族势力强大之后，他们就成了服役的人。

†[当代]亚摩利人依旧住在希烈山、亚雅伦和沙宾。到了约瑟的家族强盛起来，亚摩利人就在他们的手中饱受奴役。

†[新译]亚摩利人决意住在希烈山、亚雅伦和沙宾；但约瑟家的势力强大以后，他们就成了作苦工的人。

†[Wlb]亚摩利人执意居希烈山、亚雅伦、沙宾、厥后约瑟家胜之、使之服役、

†[Xdv]亚摩利人继续住在亚雅伦、沙宾，和希烈山；可是以法莲人和玛拿西人征服了他们，强迫他们服苦役。

†[Kjv]But the Amorites would dwell in mount Heres in Aijalon, and in Shaalbim: yet the hand of the house of Joseph prevailed, so that they became tributaries.

†[Nkjv]and the Amorites were determined to dwell in Mount Heres, in Aijalon, and in Shaalbim; yet when the strength of the house of Joseph became greater, they were put under tribute.

†[BBE]For the Amorites would go on living in Mount Heres, in Aijalon, and in Shaalbim; but the children of Joseph became stronger than they, and put them to forced work.

†[GNT] The Amorites continued to live at Aijalon, Shaalbim, and Mount Heres, but the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh kept them under their rule and forced them to work for them.

†[NIV]And the Amorites were determined also to hold out in Mount Heres, Aijalon and Shaalbim, but when the power of the house of Joseph increased, they too were pressed into forced labor.

本会注释　　希烈山。据认为是示非拉的伯示麦。
　　亚雅伦。位于耶路撒冷西北偏西约20.8公里处的一个城镇。
　　胜了。但支派在本地的居民面前控制不住自己的领土，被驱赶到狭小的地区内。附近以法莲支派的希伯来人见此，就前来援助但人，向亚摩利人发动进攻。以法莲支派战果赫赫。亚摩利人和迦南人的城镇纷纷签约投降，以劳役来换取和平。这种臣服的格局维持了几百年时间，直到所罗门的时代真正成为以色列的领土（王上4:9）。伯示麦落入以色列人手中要更早一些（撒上6:12）。

士1:36 亚摩利人的境界，是从亚克拉滨坡，从西拉而上。 (串)民34:4书15:3

†[吕]亚摩利人（或译：以东人）的境界是从亚克拉滨上坡、从西拉岩上去的。

†[思]厄东人的境界，是从阿刻辣宾山坡直到色拉以上地带。

†[当代]亚摩利人的边界，自亚克拉滨山坡起，由西拉直上。

†[新译]亚摩利人的境界，是从亚克拉滨山坡，从西拉直上。

†[Wlb]亚摩利人之界、自亚克拉滨阪、由西拉而上、

†[Xdv]以东人（希伯来文是：亚摩利人）的边界从亚克拉滨隘口开始，在西拉北边。

†[Kjv]And the coast of the Amorites was from the going up to Akrabbim, from the rock, and upward.

†[Nkjv]Now the boundary of the Amorites was from the Ascent of Akrabbim, from Sela, and upward.

†[BBE]And the limit of the Edomites went from the slope of Akrabbim from Sela and up.

†[GNT] North of Sela, the Edomite border ran through Akrabbim Pass.

†[NIV]The boundary of the Amorites was from Scorpion Pass to Sela and beyond.

本会注释　　亚摩利人的境界。除了提到“亚摩利人”之外，本节与上一节没有什么联系。作者停下来解释亚摩利人的境界原先往南至这些地方，大体上构成了以东的边界。以色列南方的支派已经占领的南至这条古老边界的地区。
　　从亚克拉滨坡。直译是“蝎子关口”。
　　从西拉而上。原文为“岩石”，“悬崖”。许多人认为是指以东人和拿巴田人之间的高山要塞皮特拉。但更可能是指亚拉巴属犹大一边的界标。本节的意义有些含糊。

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