约拿书第4章

《圣经》约拿书-第4章

拿4:1 这事约拿大大不悦，且甚发怒，

†[吕]这事叫约拿大不高兴，甚至发怒。

†[思]约纳因此很不高兴，遂发起怒来。

†[当代]约拿因为上帝改变了计划，不再降灾给尼尼微城的人，就非常不高兴，并且恼怒起来。

†[新译]约拿对这事非常不高兴，并且发起怒来，

†[Wlb]约拿不悦之甚、而怒、

†[Xdv]对于这件事，乔纳很不高兴，非常愤慨。

†[Kjv]But it displeased Jonah exceedingly, and he was very angry.

†[Nkjv]But it displeased Jonah exceedingly, and he became angry.

†[BBE]But this seemed very wrong to Jonah, and he was angry.

†[GNT] Jonah was very unhappy about this and became angry.

†[NIV]But Jonah was greatly displeased and became angry.

本会注释　　大大不悦。这一节开头直译为“这是约拿的大罪”。第4章在人的不耐烦和上帝的忍耐之间做了鲜明的对照。约拿大对上帝的“后悔”（拿3:10）很生气。上帝施恩饶恕悔改的尼尼微人，他非但不高兴，反而因自私和罪恶的骄傲而发怒。他的预言没有应验，他觉得自己会被人看作假先知。名誉对他来说，比其亚述首都所有的灵魂都更有价值。他也可能推断，由于这次预言没有实现，在外邦人中上帝对于未来的预见就会受到怀疑。
　　甚发怒。约拿因上帝怜悯尼尼微人而生气（拿3:10）。他自己悖逆的时候，上帝曾仁慈地饶了他的命，但当上帝向别人显示同样的仁慈的时候，他却嫉妒了。

拿4:2 就祷告耶和华说：“耶和华啊，我在本国的时候岂不是这样说吗？我知道你是有恩典、有怜悯的上帝，不轻易发怒，有丰盛的慈爱，并且后悔不降所说的灾，所以我急速逃往他施去。 (串)出34:6诗86:15珥2:13|拿1:3

†[吕]他就祷告永恒主说：“哦永恒主阿，我还在我本地的时候、不就这样说了么？故此我才急速逃往他施阿；因为我佑道你是有恩惠有怜悯的上帝，不轻易发怒，而有丰盛的坚爱，并且能改变心意不降所说的灾祸。

†[思]他恳求天主说：“上主，当我还在故乡时，我岂不是已想到这事？所以我预先要逃往塔尔史士去，因为我知道你是慈悲的，宽仁的天主；是缓于发怒，富于慈爱，怜悯而不愿降灾祸的天主。

†[当代]他抱怨上帝说：“主啊，我在家乡的时候已经知道你会这样做了，因为你是一位仁慈宽厚的上帝，你不轻易发怒，又满有慈爱和怜悯。我早知道你会改变主意，不忍心降灾，所以我才避到他施去。

†[新译]就向耶和华祷告，说：“耶和华啊！我还在本国的时候，不是这样说过吗？我知道你是有恩典有怜悯的　神，不轻易发怒，并且有丰盛的慈爱，转意不降灾祸，所以我才急忙逃往他施去。

†[Wlb]祷耶和华曰、耶和华欤、我在故土、非言此乎、故亟逃往他施、盖我知尔为仁慈矜悯之上帝、迟于发怒、富有恩惠、回意不降其灾、

†[Xdv]所以他祈祷说：“上主啊！在我离开家乡以前，我不是说你一定会这样做吗？就因这缘故，我尽了所能要逃往西班牙去！我知道你是一位慈悲怜悯的上帝。你不轻易发怒；你有仁慈，随时会回心转意不惩罚人。

†[Kjv]And he prayed unto the LORD, and said, I pray thee, O LORD, was not this my saying, when I was yet in my country? Therefore I fled before unto Tarshish: for I knew that thou art a gracious God, and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and repen

†[Nkjv]So he prayed to the LORD, and said, "Ah, LORD, was not this what I said when I was still in my country? Therefore I fled previously to Tarshish; for I know that You are a gracious and merciful God, slow to anger and abundant in lovingkindness, One who rel

†[BBE]And he made prayer to the Lord and said, O Lord, is this not what I said when I was still in my country? This is why I took care to go in flight to Tarshish: for I was certain that you were a loving God, full of pity, slow to be angry and great in mercy,

†[GNT] So he prayed, "Lord, didn't I say before I left home that this is just what you would do? That's why I did my best to run away to Spain! I knew that you are a loving and merciful God, always patient, always kind, and always ready to change your mind and

†[NIV]He prayed to the Lord , "O Lord , is this not what I said when I was still at home? That is why I was so quick to flee to Tarshish. I knew that you are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger and abounding in love, a God who relents from sending c

本会注释　　这次祈祷的状况，与拿2章的祈祷有多大的差别啊！所体现的精神又有多大的不同啊！那次他求生，这次他却求死。那次他很谦卑；这次他很生气。

拿4:3 耶和华啊，现在求你取我的命吧！因为我死了比活着还好。” (串)王上19:4|本章8

†[吕]现在呢、永恒主阿，把我的性命取去吧！因为我死了比活着还好。”

†[思]上主，现在，求你从我身上收去我的性命，因为，我死了比活着还好！”

†[当代]主啊！现在我生不如死，求你收回我的性命吧。”

†[新译]耶和华啊！现在求你取去我的性命吧，因为我死了比活着还好。”

†[Wlb]耶和华欤、今求尔索我命、以我之死、犹愈于生、

†[Xdv]所以，上主啊！让我死吧！我死了比活着还好！”

†[Kjv]Therefore now, O LORD, take, I beseech thee, my life from me; for it is better for me to die than to live.

†[Nkjv]Therefore now, O LORD, please take my life from me, for it is better for me to die than to live!"

†[BBE]So now, O Lord, give ear to my prayer and take my life from me; for death is better for me than life.

†[GNT] Now then, Lord, let me die. I am better off dead than alive."

†[NIV]Now, O Lord , take away my life, for it is better for me to die than to live."

本会注释　　约拿对上帝的祈求，与摩西有多大的不同啊！摩西怀着自我牺牲的精神，为了使百姓能存活，甘心让自己的名字被涂抹（见出32:31,32）。约拿则完全灰心了。

拿4:4 耶和华说：“你这样发怒合乎理吗？”

†[吕]永恒主说：“你这样发怒对不对阿？”

†[思]上主说：“你的愤怒合理吗？”

†[当代]主对他说：“你以为自己因这事恼怒是对的吗？”

†[新译]耶和华回答说：“你这样发怒对不对呢？”

†[Wlb]耶和华曰、尔怒宜乎、

†[Xdv]上主回答：“你凭什么这样生气呢？”

†[Kjv]Then said the LORD, Doest thou well to be angry?

†[Nkjv]Then the LORD said, "Is it right for you to be angry?"

†[BBE]And the Lord said, Have you any right to be angry?

†[GNT] The Lord answered, "What right do you have to be angry?"

†[NIV]But the Lord replied, "Have you any right to be angry?"

本会注释　　约拿生气是因为自私，而不是一种义怒，如耶稣发怒把兑换银钱的人从圣殿赶出去（见约2:13-17）。先知因急噪而失去了很大的福气（见箴14:29；16:32）。

拿4:5 于是约拿出城，坐在城的东边，在那里为自己搭了一座棚，坐在棚的荫下，要看看那城究竟如何。

†[吕]于是约拿出了城，坐在城的东边，就在那里搭了一座棚，坐在棚的荫影下，等看到那城究竟怎样。

†[思]约纳出了城，坐在城东，在那为自己搭了一个棚坐在棚荫下，要看看那城究竟要发生什么事。

†[当代]后来，约拿就发脾气，跑到城外，在城东搭了一个棚，气冲冲地坐在棚里，要看尼尼微城的命运。

†[新译]约拿出了城，在城东坐下；他在那里搭了一座棚，坐在棚荫之下，要看看那城究竟怎样。

†[Wlb]约拿出邑、坐于邑东、在彼构庐、坐于荫下、观此邑之究竟、

†[Xdv]于是乔纳到城外去，在这座城的东边坐下来。他搭了一个棚，坐在它的阴影下，要看看尼尼微城会发生什么事。

†[Kjv]So Jonah went out of the city, and sat on the east side of the city, and there made him a booth, and sat under it in the shadow, till he might see what would become of the city.

†[Nkjv]So Jonah went out of the city and sat on the east side of the city. There he made himself a shelter and sat under it in the shade, till he might see what would become of the city.

†[BBE]Then Jonah went out of the town, and took his seat on the east side of the town and made himself a roof of branches and took his seat under its shade till he saw what would become of the town.

†[GNT] Jonah went out east of the city and sat down. He made a shelter for himself and sat in its shade, waiting to see what would happen to Nineveh.

†[NIV]Jonah went out and sat down at a place east of the city. There he made himself a shelter, sat in its shade and waited to see what would happen to the city.

本会注释　　有人认为约拿把“你这样发怒合乎理吗”（第4节）理解为他在急噪中误解了上帝的旨意。尼尼微仍有毁灭的可能性。还其人认为，约拿可能觉得尼尼微人悔改是不真心的，上帝还是会惩罚他们。也有可能他的举动只是反映了他的顽固态度，和他坚持认为上帝会实现祂的警告。

拿4:6 耶和华上帝安排一棵蓖麻，使其发生高过约拿，影儿遮盖他的头，救他脱离苦楚；约拿因这棵蓖麻大大喜乐。

†[吕]永恒主上帝安排了一棵蓖麻树，使它长起来高过约拿，有影儿遮着他的头，以给他荫影（传统：援救他）、使他免受苦；约拿大大地喜欢这棵蓖麻树。

†[思]上主天主安排了一株篦麻，使长得高过约纳，为他的头遮荫，消除自己尸烦恼。约纳很喜爱这株篦麻。

†[当代]那时，天气非常炎热，棚架的树叶都炙焦了。于是，上帝就安排了一棵蓖麻迅速地长起来，为约拿遮荫，使他免受烈日的煎熬。约拿因此就非常开心。

†[新译]耶和华　神安排一棵蓖麻，使它长起来高过约拿，成了阴影遮盖他的头，免他受苦；约拿因这棵蓖麻，就大大欢畅。

†[Wlb]耶和华上帝备蓖蔴、滋长高于约拿、荫覆厥首、以解其苦、约拿因之喜甚、

†[Xdv]后来，主上帝安排一棵蓖麻树，使它长得比乔纳高，树荫遮着他的头，使他感到凉爽。乔纳非常喜欢这棵树。

†[Kjv]And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his grief. So Jonah was exceeding glad of the gourd.

†[Nkjv]And the LORD God prepared a plant and made it come up over Jonah, that it might be shade for his head to deliver him from his misery. So Jonah was very grateful for the plant.

†[BBE]And the Lord God made a vine come up over Jonah to give him shade over his head. And Jonah was very glad because of the vine.

†[GNT] Then the Lord God made a plant grow up over Jonah to give him some shade, so that he would be more comfortable. Jonah was extremely pleased with the plant.

†[NIV]Then the Lord God provided a vine and made it grow up over Jonah to give shade for his head to ease his discomfort, and Jonah was very happy about the vine.

本会注释　　安排。希伯来语是manah 。
　　蓖麻。希伯来语是qiqayon ，一种未知的植物。有各种解释。如蓖麻，黄瓜等。这棵植物奇迹地长大。我们不必将它认定为任何已知的快速生长的植物，尽管它可能是当地一种常见的植物，或许就是阿卡德语中的kukkānītu 。
　　苦楚。希伯来语是ra`ah ，是表示邪恶，不幸，麻烦和悲惨的常见词。约拿的苦楚主要不在肉体上，而在思想和心灵上的，源于他自以为正在蒙受的忿怒，屈辱和失望。

拿4:7 次日黎明，上帝却安排一条虫子咬这蓖麻，以致枯槁。

†[吕]次日天刚亮、上帝却安排了一条虫子来咬这棵蓖麻才，以致它枯槁了。

†[思]但第二天曙升起时，天主安排了一个咬死了篦麻，篦麻便枯萎了

†[当代]可是，到了第二天黎明的时候，上帝却安排了一条虫来咬坏蓖麻的茎，整棵蓖麻也就枯萎了。

†[新译]次日黎明的时候，　神安排一条虫子，蛀蚀这棵蓖麻，蓖麻就枯槁了。

†[Wlb]诘旦昧爽、上帝备虫啮蓖蔴、遂致枯槁、

†[Xdv]但是，第二天清晨，上帝叫一条虫子来咬这棵树，树就枯死了。

†[Kjv]But God prepared a worm when the morning rose the next day, and it smote the gourd that it withered.

†[Nkjv]But as morning dawned the next day God prepared a worm, and it so damaged the plant that it withered.

†[BBE]But early on the morning after, God made ready a worm for the destruction of the vine, and it became dry and dead.

†[GNT] But at dawn the next day, at God's command, a worm attacked the plant, and it died.

†[NIV]But at dawn the next day God provided a worm, which chewed the vine so that it withered.

本会注释　　安排。见第6节的注释。
　　以致枯槁。人类往往在新的欢乐日子快要开始的时候，遇到不幸或悲伤的虫子，把希望变成绝望。

拿4:8 日头出来的时候，上帝安排炎热的东风，日头曝晒约拿的头，使他发昏，他就为自己求死，说：“我死了比活着还好！” (串)本章3

†[吕]日出时，上帝又安排了炎热的东风，日头晒了约拿的头，以致他晕过去，他就为自己求死，说：“我死了比活着还好。”

†[思]当太阳升起时，天主又安排了灸热的东风，太阳射在约纳头上，使他无法忍受，遂要求死去，说：“我死了比活着还好！”

†[当代]太阳出来的时候，上帝又刮起炽热的东风，加上约拿头上的烈日，把他弄得头昏脑胀，最后他实在忍受不了，便再次求死说：“我还是死了的好！”

†[新译]日出的时候，　神又安排炎热的东风。烈日晒在约拿的头上，以致发昏，他就为自己求死，说：“我死了比活着还好。”

†[Wlb]日出时、上帝备东风、其气炎酷、日暴约拿之首、使之昏迷、则求死曰、我之死、犹愈于生焉、

†[Xdv]太阳出来以后，上帝又叫热风从东方吹过来。由于强烈的阳光直射在乔纳的头上，他被晒得快要昏过去了，所以他就求死。他说：“我死了比活着还好！”

†[Kjv]And it came to pass, when the sun did arise, that God prepared a vehement east wind; and the sun beat upon the head of Jonah, that he fainted, and wished in himself to die, and said, It is better for me to die than to live.

†[Nkjv]And it happened, when the sun arose, that God prepared a vehement east wind; and the sun beat on Jonah's head, so that he grew faint. Then he wished death for himself, and said, "It is better for me to die than to live."

†[BBE]Then when the sun came up, God sent a burning east wind: and so great was the heat of the sun on his head that Jonah was overcome, and, requesting death for himself, said, Death is better for me than life.

†[GNT] After the sun had risen, God sent a hot east wind, and Jonah was about to faint from the heat of the sun beating down on his head. So he wished he were dead. "I am better off dead than alive," he said.

†[NIV]When the sun rose, God provided a scorching east wind, and the sun blazed on Jonah's head so that he grew faint. He wanted to die, and said, "It would be better for me to die than to live."

本会注释　　安排。见第6节注释。
　　炎热的。希伯来语是charishith ，只出现在这里。

拿4:9 上帝对约拿说：“你因这棵蓖麻发怒合乎理吗？”他说：“我发怒以至于死，都合乎理！”

†[吕]上帝对约拿说：“你因这棵蓖麻树来发怒对不对阿？”他说：“我发怒到死都是对的。”

†[思]天主血约纳说：“你为这株篦麻发怒合理吗？”他回答说：“我发怒以致于死，是合理的！”

†[当代]上帝对约拿说：“你为这棵蓖麻而恼怒，你觉得合理吗？”约拿回答说：“当然合理了，就算我恼怒至死，也是合理的。”

†[新译]　神问约拿：“你因这棵蓖麻这样发怒，对不对呢？”约拿说：“我发怒以至于死都是对的。”

†[Wlb]上帝谓之曰、尔以蓖蔴而怒、宜乎、对曰、我怒至死、亦宜也、

†[Xdv]但是上帝对他说：“你凭什么为这棵蓖麻树这样生气呢？”乔纳回答：“我怎么不可以！我气得要死了！”

†[Kjv]And God said to Jonah, Doest thou well to be angry for the gourd? And he said, I do well to be angry, even unto death.

†[Nkjv]Then God said to Jonah, "Is it right for you to be angry about the plant?" And he said, "It is right for me to be angry, even to death!"

†[BBE]And the Lord said to Jonah, Have you any right to be angry about the vine? And he said, I have a right to be truly angry.

†[GNT] But God said to him, "What right do you have to be angry about the plant?" Jonah replied, "I have every right to be angry - angry enough to die!"

†[NIV]But God said to Jonah, "Do you have a right to be angry about the vine?" "I do," he said. "I am angry enough to die."

本会注释　　先知固执而不耐烦地为自己气得要死辩护。上帝则设法在他心中引发合理的态度。

拿4:10 耶和华说：“这蓖麻不是你栽种的，也不是你培养的；一夜发生，一夜干死，你尚且爱惜；

†[吕]永恒主说：“这蓖麻树你不曾劳苦栽植过，不曾培养大的，一夜发生，一夜死灭，你尚且顾惜；

†[思]上主说：“你为这株篦麻，并没有劳过力，也没有使它生长，还怜惜它：它不过是一夜生，出一夜死去的植物；

†[当代]这时，主对约拿说：“这棵蓖麻不是你栽种的，也不是你叫它生长的，它在一夜之间长成，又在一夜之间死去，你尚且如此爱惜，

†[新译]耶和华说：“这棵蓖麻，不是你栽种的，也不是你使它长大的，一夜长成，一夜死去，你尚且爱惜它，

†[Wlb]耶和华曰、此蓖蔴、尔未为之劳、尔未使之长、一夜而生、一夜而亡、尔尚惜之、

†[Xdv]上主对他说：“这棵树在一夜之间长大，第二天就枯死了；你虽然没有栽种它，也没有使它生长，你还为它感到可惜。

†[Kjv]Then said the LORD, Thou hast had pity on the gourd, for the which thou hast not laboured, neither madest it grow; which came up in a night, and perished in a night:

†[Nkjv]But the LORD said, "You have had pity on the plant for which you have not labored, nor made it grow, which came up in a night and perished in a night.

†[BBE]And the Lord said, You had pity on the vine, for which you did no work and for the growth of which you were not responsible; which came up in a night and came to an end in a night;

†[GNT] The Lord said to him, "This plant grew up in one night and disappeared the next; you didn't do anything for it and you didn't make it grow - yet you feel sorry for it!

†[NIV]But the Lord said, "You have been concerned about this vine, though you did not tend it or make it grow. It sprang up overnight and died overnight.

本会注释　　他们离开恶道。参太12:41。见《先知与君王》363页。
　　祂就后悔。上帝是不会改变的，但环境会发生变化（见耶18:7-10；结33:13-16）。祂降灾的预言往往是有条件的（见@结25:1@注释）。关于上帝的后悔，见@创6:6@注释；撒上15:11。上帝对人说话是用人的语气。

本会注释　　“你”在希伯来语中是强调的。生气而缺乏同情心的先知约拿，竟同情和惋惜一棵无甚价值的蓖麻，他没有为蓖麻付出过辛劳。但他对尼尼微大城的百姓却不愿意表现出同样的爱惜。七十士译本把这一节的前半部份译成“上帝说，你怜惜蓖麻，你没有为它受过苦，也没有栽培过它”。
　　约拿因上帝不毁灭尼尼微而生气（第1,4节）。在上帝让蓖麻枯干时，他也生气了（第9节）。这是多么扭曲的价值观啊！约拿对于蓖麻的关心，超过对尼尼微的百姓。

拿4:11 何况这尼尼微大城，其中不能分辨左手右手的有十二万多人，并有许多牲畜，我岂能不爱惜呢？” (串)拿1:2;3:2,3|申1:39|诗36:6;145:9

†[吕]何况尼尼微这大城，其中不晓得分辨左手右手的有十二万多人，并有许多牲口，我哪能不顾惜呢？”

†[思]对尼尼微这座大城，其中有十二万不能分辨自己左右手的人，且有许多牲畜，我就不该怜他们么？”

†[当代]难道这尼尼微城单是连左右手都分不清的孩童就有十二万多，再加上其中许许多多的牲畜，我就不该怜惜吗？”

†[新译]何况这尼尼微大城，其中不晓得分辨左右手的有十二万多人，并且有许多牲畜，我怎能不爱惜呢？”

†[Wlb]尼尼微大邑、其中不辨左右手者、有逾十二万、且牲畜孔多、我岂不惜之乎、

†[Xdv]那么，我不是更应该怜悯尼尼微这座大城吗？毕竟在这城里有十二万连左右手都分不清的孩子，并且还有许多牲畜呢！”

†[Kjv]And should not I spare Nineveh, that great city, wherein are more then sixscore thousand persons that cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand; and also much cattle?

†[Nkjv]And should I not pity Nineveh, that great city, in which are more than one hundred and twenty thousand persons who cannot discern between their right hand and their left--and much livestock?"

†[BBE]And am I not to have mercy on Nineveh, that great town, in which there are more than a hundred and twenty thousand persons without the power of judging between right and left, as well as much cattle?

†[GNT] How much more, then, should I have pity on Nineveh, that great city. After all, it has more than 120,000 innocent children in it, as well as many animals!"

†[NIV]But Nineveh has more than a hundred and twenty thousand people who cannot tell their right hand from their left, and many cattle as well. Should I not be concerned about that great city?"

本会注释　　爱惜。希伯来语是chus （“惋惜”、“同情”）。见本章第10节。
　　十二万多人。关于尼尼微的人口，见第一章补充注释。
　　不能分辨。有些人认为这是指小孩子还未能判断哪一支手更有力，更有用。假定小孩子占人口的五分之一，尼尼微城就会有六十万人。这一数字过于庞大，不符合这座古城的已知规模。如果把“不能分辨”理解为喻指不能辨别善恶的人，似乎更妥当。如果按字面理解，那尼尼微就包括周边的地区（见第一章补充注释）。

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