《圣经》约拿书-第3章
约拿书-第3章
拿3:1 耶和华的话二次临到约拿说:
†[吕]
永恒主的话第二次传与约拿说:
†[思]
上主的话再次传给约纳说:
†[当代]
主再次对约拿说:
†[新译]
耶和华的话再次临到约拿,说:
†[Wlb]
耶和华复谕约拿曰、
†[Xdv]
上主再一次向乔纳说话。
†[Kjv]
And the word of the LORD came unto Jonah the second time, saying,
†[Nkjv]
Now the word of the LORD came to Jonah the second time, saying,
†[BBE]
And the word of the Lord came to Jonah a second time, saying,
†[GNT]
Once again the Lord spoke to Jonah.
†[NIV]
Then the word of the Lord came to Jonah a second time:
约拿书-第3章
本会注释 上帝没有指责约拿先前的背叛,而是向他重申去尼尼微传道的任务。约拿不再屈从人性的意愿。他马上服从对天上的呼召,立即前往尼尼微。
约拿书-第3章
拿3:2 “你起来!往尼尼微大城去,向其中的居民宣告我所吩咐你的话。”
†[吕]
“你起来,往尼尼微那大城去,向它的居民宣告我所吩咐你宣告的话。
†[思]
“你起身往尼尼微大城去,向他们宣告我晓谕你的事。”
†[当代]
“你出发到尼尼微这大城去,把我先前吩咐你警告那里居民的话说出来。”
†[新译]
“起来!到尼尼微大城去,向其中的居民宣告我所吩咐你的话。”
†[Wlb]
起往尼尼微大邑、以我所命尔者宣之、
†[Xdv]
他说:“你往尼尼微那大城去,向那里的人宣布我吩咐你说的话。”
†[Kjv]
Arise, go unto Nineveh, that great city, and preach unto it the preaching that I bid thee.
†[Nkjv]
"Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and preach to it the message that I tell you."
†[BBE]
Up! go to Nineveh, that great town, and give it the word which I have given you.
†[GNT]
He said, "Go to Nineveh, that great city, and proclaim to the people the message I have given you."
†[NIV]
Go to the great city of Nineveh and proclaim to it the message I give you."
约拿书-第3章
本会注释 由于措辞的重复(见拿1:2),有些圣经学者认为约拿从“大鱼”腹中脱身以后,就前往耶路撒冷献祭,还他在感恩的祈祷中所许的愿(拿2:9)。这纯属猜测。 古时从约帕开往他施的船只可能沿着巴勒斯坦的海岸往北航行。如果遭遇大鱼是在航行之初,约拿也许比他上船时更靠近尼尼微(见@拿1:13@注释;见本书994页地图)。
宣告
。希伯来语是qara',在拿1:2中译为“呼喊”。
我所吩咐你的话
。约拿的任务也交给了每一位传道人。在讲台上只能传讲上帝的话,而不是人的话(见提后4:1,2)。在这个混乱的世界里,忧虑和困惑中的人所需要的是领受上帝的训言,而不是人虚妄不定的推理和哲学。这些理论与他们一样靠不住。人所要的是“耶和华如此说”,而不是“人如此说”。
约拿书-第3章
拿3:3 约拿便照耶和华的话起来,往尼尼微去。这尼尼微是极大的城,有三日的路程。
†[吕]
约拿便起来,照永恒主的话往尼尼微去。这尼尼微是个极大的城,要走三天、才走得完。
†[思]
约纳便依从上主的话,起身去了尼尼微。尼尼微在天主前是一座大城,须要叁天的行程。
†[当代]
于是约拿便立刻依照主的吩咐到尼尼微城去。尼尼微是一座很大的城,足足要三天才能走遍。
†[新译]
约拿就动身,照耶和华的话往尼尼微去了,这尼尼微是一座极大的城(“是一座极大的城”或译:“在 神面前是一座大城”),要三天才能走完。
†[Wlb]
约拿乃遵耶和华言、起而往尼尼微、夫尼尼微之邑甚大、周历三日之程、
†[Xdv]
乔纳服从上主的命令,就往尼尼微去。那是一座大城,需要三天的时间才走得完。
†[Kjv]
So Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh, according to the word of the LORD. Now Nineveh was an exceeding great city of three days' journey.
†[Nkjv]
So Jonah arose and went to Nineveh, according to the word of the LORD. Now Nineveh was an exceedingly great city, a three-day journey in extent.
†[BBE]
So Jonah got up and went to Nineveh as the Lord had said. Now Nineveh was a very great town, three days' journey from end to end.
†[GNT]
So Jonah obeyed the Lord and went to Nineveh, a city so large that it took three days to walk through it.
†[NIV]
Jonah obeyed the word of the Lord and went to Nineveh. Now Nineveh was a very important city-a visit required three days.
约拿书-第3章
本会注释
约拿便照耶和华的话起来
。先知约拿准备执行上帝给他的任务。这个任务是他以前所回避的。
极大的
。希伯来语是le'lohim ,直译是“为上帝”。这是表达伟大的一个习语。关于尼尼微的规模,见第一章补充注释。
约拿书-第3章
拿3:4 约拿进城走了一日,宣告说:“再等四十日,尼尼微必倾覆了!” (串)
申18:22
†[吕]
约拿便进城;走着一天的行程,直宣告说:“再过四十天(七十子作‘三天’),尼尼微就覆灭了。”
†[思]
约纳开始进城,行了一天的路程,宣布说:“还有四十天,尼尼微就要毁灭了。”
†[当代]
约拿进城的第一天就开始传主的话:“再过四十天尼尼微就要毁灭了!”
†[新译]
约拿进城,走了一天,就宣告说:“再过四十天,尼尼微就要毁灭了。”
†[Wlb]
约拿入邑一日之程、呼曰、越至四旬、尼尼微必倾覆矣、
†[Xdv]
乔纳进城,走了一天的路程,他就宣布:“再过四十天,尼尼微城就要被毁灭!”
†[Kjv]
And Jonah began to enter into the city a day's journey, and he cried, and said, Yet forty days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown.
†[Nkjv]
And Jonah began to enter the city on the first day's walk. Then he cried out and said, "Yet forty days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown!"
†[BBE]
And Jonah first of all went a day's journey into the town, and crying out said, In forty days destruction will overtake Nineveh.
†[GNT]
Jonah started through the city, and after walking a whole day, he proclaimed, "In forty days Nineveh will be destroyed!"
†[NIV]
On the first day, Jonah started into the city. He proclaimed: "Forty more days and Nineveh will be overturned."
约拿书-第3章
本会注释
走了一日
。约拿并不是走了一天才开始讲道。这句话可能是记录他第一天的讲道。约拿一进城无疑就开始传警告的信息。
再等四十日
。这句话不是约拿信息的全部内容。但这是他警告的主题。
倾覆了
。希伯来语是haphak ,曾用于创19:21,25,29描述所多玛的毁灭。
约拿书-第3章
拿3:5 尼尼微人信服上帝,便宣告禁食,从最大的到至小的都穿麻衣(或作:披上麻布)。 (串)
太12:41路11:32
†[吕]
尼尼微人信了上帝,便宣告禁食,从最大的到至小的都穿着麻衣。
†[思]
尼尼微人便信仰了天主,立刻宣布禁食,从大到小,都身披苦衣。
†[当代]
城里的人听了,就都相信约拿所传的话,并且立刻宣告禁食,所有的人,无论大小贵贱,都换上粗麻衣,举哀忏悔。
†[新译]
尼尼微人信了(“信了”或译:“信服”) 神,就宣告禁食,从大到小,都穿上麻衣。
†[Wlb]
尼尼微民信上帝、宣告禁食、自尊逮卑、皆衣麻焉、
†[Xdv]
尼尼微城的人相信了上帝的话。所以他们决定每一个人都要禁食;城里所有的人,无论大小,都披上麻布表示痛悔。
†[Kjv]
So the people of Nineveh believed God, and proclaimed a fast, and put on sackcloth, from the greatest of them even to the least of them.
†[Nkjv]
So the people of Nineveh believed God, proclaimed a fast, and put on sackcloth, from the greatest to the least of them.
†[BBE]
And the people of Nineveh had belief in God; and a time was fixed for going without food, and they put on haircloth, from the greatest to the least.
†[GNT]
The people of Nineveh believed God's message. So they decided that everyone should fast, and all the people, from the greatest to the least, put on sackcloth to show that they had repented.
†[NIV]
The Ninevites believed God. They declared a fast, and all of them, from the greatest to the least, put on sackcloth.
约拿书-第3章
本会注释
信服上帝
。一些人认为这是约拿传道的成果。见本书995、996页。
麻布
。用黑色的粗山羊毛织成,在悲伤和灾难时所穿(见但9:3;太11:21;路10:13)。
约拿书-第3章
拿3:6 这信息传到尼尼微王的耳中,他就下了宝座,脱下朝服,披上麻布,坐在灰中。 (串)
伯2:8
†[吕]
这消息传到尼尼微王那里,他就从宝座上起来,脱下朝服,披上麻布,坐在炉灰中。
†[思]
当这传到尼尼微王那,他便起来,离开自己的宝座,脱去长服,披上苦衣,坐在灰土中;
†[当代]
尼尼微王听到了这消息以后,便立刻起来,离开了自己的宝座,脱下朝服,披上粗麻衣,坐在炉灰中忏悔。
†[新译]
这事传到尼尼微王那里,他就起来,离开宝座,脱去王袍,披上麻衣,坐在炉灰中。
†[Wlb]
斯音传至尼尼微王、遂起、下位解袍、衣麻坐于灰尘、
†[Xdv]
尼尼微王一听见这消息,就离开宝座,脱下王袍,披上麻布,坐在灰中。
†[Kjv]
For word came unto the king of Nineveh, and he arose from his throne, and he laid his robe from him, and covered him with sackcloth, and sat in ashes.
†[Nkjv]
Then word came to the king of Nineveh; and he arose from his throne and laid aside his robe, covered himself with sackcloth and sat in ashes.
†[BBE]
And the word came to the king of Nineveh, and he got up from his seat of authority, and took off his robe, and covering himself with haircloth, took his seat in the dust.
†[GNT]
When the king of Nineveh heard about it, he got up from his throne, took off his robe, put on sackcloth, and sat down in ashes.
†[NIV]
When the news reached the king of Nineveh, he rose from his throne, took off his royal robes, covered himself with sackcloth and sat down in the dust.
约拿书-第3章
本会注释
王
。可能是阿达德尼拉里三世(见《约拿书》序言)。百姓的悔罪似乎是自发的,没有任何官方的指令(第5节)。当代最强大帝国的国君,在听了一位外国先知的讲道后,就自卑“坐在灰中”,这真是异乎寻常的。这对于骄傲的以色列领袖和百姓是多大的责备啊!他们在众先知更为广泛的不间断感召下,仍固执地拒绝降卑自己的心(见王下17:7-18)!
约拿书-第3章
拿3:7 他又使人遍告尼尼微通城,说:“王和大臣有令,人不可尝什么,牲畜、牛羊不可吃草,也不可喝水。 (串)
代下20:3珥2:15
†[吕]
又出通告传遍尼尼微说:“王和大臣有谕旨说:人和牲口、牛群羊群、什么都不可尝,草不可吃,水也不可喝。
†[思]
然后命令以君王的谕令和其大臣的名义,在尼尼微宣布说:“人、牲畜、牛羊,都可不可吃什么;不可牧放,也不可喝水。
†[当代]
王又向全城颁布命令,说:“王及大臣有旨:尼尼微所有人等必须禁食,牛羊牲畜也不例外。
†[新译]
他又传谕全尼尼微,说:“王和大臣有令:‘人、畜、牛、羊,都不准尝什么,不准吃,也不准喝。
†[Wlb]
乃与诸伯出谕、布告尼尼微曰、或人或畜、牛群羊群、俱勿尝食、勿食勿饮、
†[Xdv]
他向尼尼微人发出通告,说:“这是王和他的大臣颁布的命令:人、牲畜、牛羊,都不可吃东西;不准吃,也不准喝。
†[Kjv]
And he caused it to be proclaimed and published through Nineveh by the decree of the king and his nobles, saying, Let neither man nor beast, herd nor flock, taste any thing: let them not feed, nor drink water:
†[Nkjv]
And he caused it to be proclaimed and published throughout Nineveh by the decree of the king and his nobles, saying, Let neither man nor beast, herd nor flock, taste anything; do not let them eat, or drink water.
†[BBE]
And he had it given out in Nineveh, By the order of the king and his great men, no man or beast, herd or flock, is to have a taste of anything; let them have no food or water:
†[GNT]
He sent out a proclamation to the people of Nineveh: "This is an order from the king and his officials: No one is to eat anything; all persons, cattle, and sheep are forbidden to eat or drink.
†[NIV]
Then he issued a proclamation in Nineveh: "By the decree of the king and his nobles: Do not let any man or beast, herd or flock, taste anything; do not let them eat or drink.
约拿书-第3章
本会注释
遍告。
谦卑和悔罪的浪潮从百姓波及国王以后,国王颁发了禁食的法令。众大臣和他一同发布这条命令,表明他们在危难之中与他同心同德。
牲畜
。这是一条奇怪的法令,但是我们必须记住这是少有亮光的异教国王颁发的。写于约公元前二世纪的次经《犹滴传》曾提到类似的习俗:“每一个以色列人都恳切地呼求上帝,降卑自已的心。他们和他们的妻子,儿女,牛羊,客人,雇工和奴隶都腰披麻布”(《犹滴传》4:9,10)。希罗多德记载波斯人在一次全国性举哀的时候割下自己和马匹,牲口的毛发,(9:24)。但是这些习俗在何种程度上影响亚述,我们无从得知。
约拿书-第3章
拿3:8 人与牲畜都当披上麻布;人要切切求告上帝。各人回头离开所行的恶道,丢弃手中的强暴。 (串)
赛58:6|赛59:6
†[吕]
人与牲口都要披上麻布;要极力呼求上帝;各人要回转过来、离开他的坏行径,丢弃手中的强暴;
†[思]
人和牲畜都应身披苦衣,人要恳切呼求天主,更要转离自己的邪路,放弃手中的暴行。
†[当代]
众人必须披上麻衣,向上帝恳切呼求,改邪归正,离弃罪行。
†[新译]
不论人畜,都要披上麻衣;各人要恳切呼求 神,悔改,离开恶行,摒弃手中的强暴。
†[Wlb]
人畜俱披麻、众皆切求上帝、各转离其恶途、去其手之强暴、
†[Xdv]
人和牲畜都要披上麻布。每一个人都必须恳切地向上帝祈祷,并且停止邪恶的行为,不做强暴的事。
†[Kjv]
But let man and beast be covered with sackcloth, and cry mightily unto God: yea, let them turn every one from his evil way, and from the violence that is in their hands.
†[Nkjv]
But let man and beast be covered with sackcloth, and cry mightily to God; yes, let every one turn from his evil way and from the violence that is in his hands.
†[BBE]
And let man and beast be covered with haircloth, and let them make strong prayers to God: and let everyone be turned from his evil way and the violent acts of their hands.
†[GNT]
All persons and animals must wear sackcloth. Everyone must pray earnestly to God and must give up their wicked behavior and their evil actions.
†[NIV]
But let man and beast be covered with sackcloth. Let everyone call urgently on God. Let them give up their evil ways and their violence.
约拿书-第3章
本会注释
各人回头
。如果没有内在品格真诚的改变,外表的宗教礼节是没有什么属灵价值的。
强暴
。参摩3:10。
约拿书-第3章
拿3:9 或者上帝转意后悔,不发烈怒,使我们不至灭亡,也未可知。” (串)
撒下12:22珥2:14
†[吕]
或者上帝改变初衷,回心转意、不发烈怒,使我们不至于灭亡,也未可知。”
†[思]
谁知道天主也许会转意怜悯,收回自己的烈怒,使我们不致灭亡。”
†[当代]
盼望上帝会因而回心转意,收回愤怒,使我们不致灭亡。”
†[新译]
或者 神回心转意,不发烈怒,使我们不致灭亡。’”
†[Wlb]
上帝或回心转意、息其烈怒、俾我不亡、亦未可知、
†[Xdv]
也许上帝会因此改变他的心意,不再发怒,我们就不至于灭亡!”
†[Kjv]
Who can tell if God will turn and repent, and turn away from his fierce anger, that we perish not?
†[Nkjv]
Who can tell if God will turn and relent, and turn away from His fierce anger, so that we may not perish?
†[BBE]
Who may say that God will not be turned, changing his purpose and turning away from his burning wrath, so that destruction may not overtake us?
†[GNT]
Perhaps God will change his mind; perhaps he will stop being angry, and we will not die!"
†[NIV]
Who knows? God may yet relent and with compassion turn from his fierce anger so that we will not perish."
约拿书-第3章
本会注释
或者
。约拿不大会向他们保证上帝的命令有改变的可能性。这一点可以从他因上帝饶恕尼尼微而生气看出来(拿4:1)。但他知道上帝仁慈的品性(拿4:2)。
约拿书-第3章
拿3:10 于是上帝察看他们的行为,见他们离开恶道,他就后悔,不把所说的灾祸降与他们了。 (串)
耶18:8摩7:3,6
†[吕]
上帝看他们所作的,见他们回转过来、离开他们的坏行径,上帝对那灾祸(‘灾祸’一词与上‘坏’字同字)就改变心意:他说要降与他们的,如今也不降了。
†[思]
天主看到他们所行的事,看到他们离开自己的邪路,遂怜悯他们,不将已宣布的灾祸,降在他们身上。
†[当代]
上帝看见他们痛改前非,停止作恶,就怜悯他们,打消了毁灭他们的念头。
†[新译]
神看见他们所作的,就是悔改离开恶行, 神就转意,不把所说的灾祸降在他们身上了。
†[Wlb]
上帝见其所为、咸离恶途、乃回厥意、不降所言之灾、
†[Xdv]
上帝看到他们所做的一切;他看到他们放弃了邪恶的行为。于是他改变他的心意,没有把他原先宣布的灾难降给他们。
†[Kjv]
And God saw their works, that they turned from their evil way; and God repented of the evil, that he had said that he would do unto them; and he did it not.
†[Nkjv]
Then God saw their works, that they turned from their evil way; and God relented from the disaster that He had said He would bring upon them, and He did not do it.
†[BBE]
And God saw what they did, how they were turned from their evil way; and God's purpose was changed as to the evil which he said he would do to them, and he did it not.
†[GNT]
God saw what they did; he saw that they had given up their wicked behavior. So he changed his mind and did not punish them as he had said he would.
†[NIV]
When God saw what they did and how they turned from their evil ways, he had compassion and did not bring upon them the destruction he had threatened.
约拿书-第3章
本会注释 上帝控制祂所造之物。对于这一基本事实的认识,足以抵御有关上帝的虚假理论。这些理论要么让祂服从自然的法则,要么使祂成为自然不可分离的一部份。圣经认为祂是大自然的创造者,在自然之外,引导并维持着宇宙。祂超乎万有之上(见伯38;39;诗19;西1:12-17;启14:7)。
本会注释
他们离开恶道
。参太12:41。见《先知与君王》363页。
祂就后悔。
上帝是不会改变的,但环境会发生变化(见耶18:7-10;结33:13-16)。祂降灾的预言往往是有条件的(见@结25:1@注释)。关于上帝的后悔,见@创6:6@注释;撒上15:11。上帝对人说话是用人的语气。
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