诗篇第58章

《圣经》诗篇-第58章

诗58:1 【大卫的金诗，交与伶长。调用休要毁坏】世人哪，你们默然不语，真合公义吗？施行审判，岂按正直吗？ (串)诗82:2-3

†[吕]掌权的（传统：静默）阿，你们果真讲公义么？按正直审判人类么？

†[思]判官们！你们是否真正出言公平？世人们！你们是否照理审断案情？

†[当代]审判官啊，你们所说的话是公义的吗？世人啊，你们是按公义审判的吗？

†[新译]掌权者啊！你们真的讲公义吗（本句或译：“你们默然不语，真的讲公义吗”）？你们真的按照正直审判世人吗？

†[Wlb]【大卫之词使伶长歌之调用勿毁坏】世人欤、尔缄口岂公义、鞫人岂正直乎、

†[Xdv]统治者（或译：神明）啊，你们果真讲正义吗？你们以公平审判人民吗？

†[Kjv]Do ye indeed speak righteousness, O congregation? do ye judge uprightly, O ye sons of men?

†[Nkjv]Do you indeed speak righteousness, you silent ones? Do you judge uprightly, you sons of men?

†[BBE]<To the chief music-maker; put to Al-tashheth. Michtam. Of David.> Is there righteousness in your mouths, O you gods? are you upright judges, O you sons of men?

†[GNT] Do you rulers ever give a just decision? Do you judge everyone fairly?

†[NIV]Do you rulers indeed speak justly? Do you judge uprightly among men?

本会注释　　世人哪（'elem）。含义不明，有多种解释。英文RSV版译为“众神”，是根据'elim。七十士译本和武加大译本把'elem视为程度副词，强调“真”字。无法确定诗人用'elem表示什么。
　　第1节讽刺性的反问句引出了本诗的主题。所针对的是地上不公正的法官。

诗58:2 不然！你们是心中作恶；你们在地上称出你们手所行的强暴。

†[吕]不，你们是心中行着不义，而在地上以手秤出强暴的。

†[思]可惜你们一心只想为非作恶，在地上你们的双手只行宰割。

†[当代]不，你们的心中图谋不义，你们在地上不断地残暴犯罪。

†[新译]不是的，你们心中策划奸恶；你们的手在地上施行强暴（本句原文作“你们在地上称出你们手中的强暴”）。

†[Wlb]非也、尔心造恶、且于地上、衡施强暴兮、

†[Xdv]不！你们一心只想作恶，在地上犯强暴的罪。

†[Kjv]Yea, in heart ye work wickedness; ye weigh the violence of your hands in the earth.

†[Nkjv]No, in heart you work wickedness; You weigh out the violence of your hands in the earth.

†[BBE]The purposes of your hearts are evil; your hands are full of cruel doings on the earth.

†[GNT] No! You think only of the evil you can do, and commit crimes of violence in the land.

†[NIV]No, in your heart you devise injustice, and your hands mete out violence on the earth.

本会注释　　你们在地上秤出。所秤出的不是公义，而是强暴。诗人的话带有讽刺的语气。
　　手。与“心”相对。罪孽先是怀在心里，然后再用手行出来。

诗58:3 恶人一出母胎就与上帝疏远，一离母腹便走错路，说谎话。 (串)诗51:5赛48:8

†[吕]恶人一出母胎、就和上帝生疏；说谎话的一离母腹、便走错路。

†[思]作恶者一离母胎，即背离正路；说谎者一出母腹，即走入歧途。

†[当代]你们生来就是罪人，所说的第一句话就是谎言。

†[新译]恶人一出母胎，就走上歧路；他们一离母腹，就走偏了路，常说谎话。

†[Wlb]恶人出胎、即远于善、有生以来、趋歧言诳兮、

†[Xdv]作恶的人一出生便迷失了方向；撒谎的人一出母胎便背离正路。

†[Kjv]The wicked are estranged from the womb: they go astray as soon as they be born, speaking lies.

†[Nkjv]The wicked are estranged from the womb; They go astray as soon as they are born, speaking lies.

†[BBE]The evil-doers are strange from the first; from the hour of their birth they go out of the true way, saying false words.

†[GNT] Evildoers go wrong all their lives; they tell lies from the day they are born.

†[NIV]Even from birth the wicked go astray; from the womb they are wayward and speak lies.

本会注释　　恶人通常从小就表现出罪恶的倾向。

诗58:4 他们的毒气好象蛇的毒气；他们好象塞耳的聋虺， (串)申32:33诗140:3

†[吕]他们的毒素气好像蛇的毒素；他们像耳聋的虺蛇，把耳朵塞住，

†[思]他们满怀的毒素有如蛇毒；他们又像塞住耳朵的聋蝮，

†[当代]他们像毒蛇喷出毒气，又像不听咒语的眼镜蛇。

†[新译]他们的毒气好像蛇的毒气，又像耳朵塞住的聋虺，

†[Wlb]其毒如蛇、如塞耳之聋虺、

†[Xdv]他们满身恶毒，像毒蛇一样；他们塞着耳朵，像聋了的眼镜蛇，

†[Kjv]Their poison is like the poison of a serpent: they are like the deaf adder that stoppeth her ear;

†[Nkjv]Their poison is like the poison of a serpent; They are like the deaf cobra that stops its ear,

†[BBE]Their poison is like the poison of a snake; they are like the adder, whose ears are shut;

†[GNT] They are full of poison like snakes; they stop up their ears like a deaf cobra,

†[NIV]Their venom is like the venom of a snake, like that of a cobra that has stopped its ears,

本会注释　　他们的毒气。就是他们所说的坏话（见诗140:3；罗3:13）。
　　聋虺。把他们的怙恶不悛比作蝰蛇的固执。它们不服从耍蛇的人。蝰蛇实际是并不聋，只是看上去像耳聋，因为很难挑逗。“塞耳的聋虺”可以追溯到圣经中耍蛇的著名论述（传10:11；见耶8:17）。一般人说蝰蛇耳聋，只对耍蛇人的动作有反应的误解，已得到充分的驳斥。

诗58:5 不听行法术的声音，虽用极灵的咒语也是不听。 (串)耶8:17传10:11

†[吕]不听念咒语者的声音，不听巧行迷术者的术语。

†[思]不听巫士的音语，不随灵妙的妖术。

†[当代]－

†[新译]不听行法术者的声音，就是极灵的咒语，也是无效。

†[Wlb]术士虽施灵咒、亦罔闻兮、

†[Xdv]听不见弄蛇者的笛声，也听不见魔术师的喃喃咒语。

†[Kjv]Which will not hearken to the voice of charmers, charming never so wisely.

†[Nkjv]Which will not heed the voice of charmers, Charming ever so skillfully.

†[BBE]Who will not be moved by the voice of the wonder-worker, however great are his powers.

†[GNT] which does not hear the voice of the snake charmer, or the chant of the clever magician.

†[NIV]that will not heed the tune of the charmer, however skillful the enchanter may be.

本会注释　　行法术的。英文KJV版为“耍蛇的人” 。耍蛇的人在东方，特别是印度很普遍。他们的谋生就是靠展示他们控制蛇的本领，或把蛇从危害行人的藏身之处诱出来。

诗58:6 上帝啊，求你敲碎他们口中的牙！耶和华啊，求你敲掉少壮狮子的大牙！ (串)伯4:10;29:17诗3:7|诗7:2赛38:13

†[吕]上帝阿，敲掉他们口中的牙齿吧！永恒主阿，拆坏少壮狮子的牙床吧！

†[思]天主，求你把他们口中的牙齿捣烂，上主，求你把少壮狮子的牙床打断。

†[当代]上帝啊，求你打断他们的牙根，主啊，求你拔掉这些幼狮的利齿。

†[新译]　神啊！求你敲掉他们口中的牙齿；耶和华啊！求你打断少壮狮子的颚骨。

†[Wlb]上帝欤、折其口中之齿、耶和华欤、折稚狮之巨齿兮、

†[Xdv]上帝啊，求你敲断他们口中的牙齿！上主啊，求你拔掉那些幼狮的大牙！

†[Kjv]Break their teeth, O God, in their mouth: break out the great teeth of the young lions, O LORD.

†[Nkjv]Break their teeth in their mouth, O God! Break out the fangs of the young lions, O LORD!

†[BBE]O God, let their teeth be broken in their mouths; let the great teeth of the young lions be pulled out, O Lord.

†[GNT] Break the teeth of these fierce lions, O God.

†[NIV]Break the teeth in their mouths, O God; tear out, O Lord , the fangs of the lions!

本会注释　　诗人从蛇和耍蛇人转到少壮狮子。它们的牙齿必须敲掉，免得继续为害（见诗3:7）。
　　第6-9节有一个又一个比喻形象地表达了咒诅（见本册注释第624页），祈愿上帝使不公正的法官失去势力。恶人既不可救药，就祈求让他们失势。

诗58:7 愿他们消灭，如急流的水一般；他们瞅准射箭的时候，愿箭头仿佛砍断。 (串)诗59:13|诗64:3

†[吕]愿他们溶化、如水流去；愿他们像草被践踏而枯萎。

†[思]愿他们有如奔湍的急水流去，愿他们有如被踏的青草枯萎；

†[当代]愿他们像流水一样逝去；使兵器在他们手中也全无用处。

†[新译]愿他们像流水般消逝；愿他们射箭的时候，箭头折断（本句原文意义不甚明确）。

†[Wlb]愿彼消融、如水急流、如射拟准、而折其矢兮、

†[Xdv]愿他们像溪流干涸，像小径的草被踏碎。

†[Kjv]Let them melt away as waters which run continually: when he bendeth his bow to shoot his arrows, let them be as cut in pieces.

†[Nkjv]Let them flow away as waters which run continually; When he bends his bow, Let his arrows be as if cut in pieces.

†[BBE]Let them be turned to liquid like the ever-flowing waters; let them be cut off like the grass by the way.

†[GNT] May they disappear like water draining away; may they be crushed like weeds on a path.

†[NIV]Let them vanish like water that flows away; when they draw the bow, let their arrows be blunted.

本会注释　　诗人祈求让他的仇敌灭亡，就像高涨的水流消失在沙漠中，或在夏季的大旱中完全干涸（见撒下14:14；伯6:15-17）。

诗58:8 愿他们象蜗牛消化过去，又象妇人坠落未见天日的胎。 (串)书7:5诗112:10|伯3:16传4:3

†[吕]像蜗牛消失而过去，像妇人流产未见天日的胎。

†[思]愿他们有如蜗牛爬过溶化消失，又如流产的胎儿不得亲见天日！

†[当代]愿他们像蜗牛一样腐化为黏土，又像没有机会见过太阳就夭折的婴儿。

†[新译]愿他们像蜗牛般蠕行消融，如同妇人流产未见天日的胎儿。

†[Wlb]如蜗消灭而逝、如妇不及期而产者、未睹日光兮、

†[Xdv]愿他们像蜗牛腐烂，像流产的胎儿不见天日。

†[Kjv]As a snail which melteth, let every one of them pass away: like the untimely birth of a woman, that they may not see the sun.

†[Nkjv]Let them be like a snail which melts away as it goes, Like a stillborn child of a woman, that they may not see the sun.

†[BBE]Let them be like an after-birth which is turned to water and comes to an end; like the fruit of a woman who gives birth before her time, let them not see the sun.

†[GNT] May they be like snails that dissolve into slime; may they be like a baby born dead that never sees the light.

†[NIV]Like a slug melting away as it moves along, like a stillborn child, may they not see the sun.

本会注释　　消化过去。可能指一般人所认为的，蜗牛会逐渐消瘦，正如其粘粘的痕迹所显示的。也有人认为是指蜗牛在旱季中的枯干。
　　坠落未见天日的胎。参伯3:16。

诗58:9 你们用荆棘烧火，锅还未热，他要用旋风把青的和烧着的一齐刮去。 (串)诗118:12传7:6|伯27:21箴10:25

†[吕]愿他们不知不觉被割掉像荆棘，像蒺藜（传统：活的）像刺草（传统：烈怒），愿他就用旋风给一齐刮去！

†[思]他们的锅在未觉到荆火以前，愿狂怒的烈风将他们全吹散！

†[当代]上帝会很快地将他们扫除，不论老少，上帝都要毁灭他们，在锅还没有被荆棘所点燃的火烧热以前，主就会用旋风把他们卷去。

†[新译]你们用荆棘烧火，锅还未热，他要用旋风把烧着的和未烧着的一起刮去。

†[Wlb]荆棘为薪、其釜未热、青者、焦者、俱为旋风吹去兮、

†[Xdv]他们将在料想不到的一剎那，像败草一样被上帝的烈怒吹散。

†[Kjv]Before your pots can feel the thorns, he shall take them away as with a whirlwind, both living, and in his wrath.

†[Nkjv]Before your pots can feel the burning thorns, He shall take them away as with a whirlwind, As in His living and burning wrath.

†[BBE]Before they are conscious of it, let them be cut down like thorns; let a strong wind take them away like waste growth.

†[GNT] Before they know it, they are cut down like weeds; in his fierce anger God will blow them away while they are still living.

†[NIV]Before your pots can feel the heat of the thorns- whether they be green or dry-the wicked will be swept away.

本会注释　　含义不很清楚。有人认为指旷野的流浪者在露天生火；在锅还没有烧暖以前，一阵大风就把火吹灭了。这个比喻表明诗人希望恶人快快毁灭。

诗58:10 义人见仇敌遭报就欢喜，要在恶人的血中洗脚。 (串)伯22:19诗107:42|诗68:23

†[吕]义人见有报复之前、就欢喜；他必在恶人的血中去洗脚。

†[思]义人看见大仇己报时，必然喜乐，他要在恶人的血中洗自己的脚。

†[当代]义人会因正义得以伸张而欢欣，他们要用恶人的鲜血濯足。

†[新译]义人看见仇敌遭报就欢喜；他要在恶人的血中洗自己的脚。

†[Wlb]义人见其惨报则喜、必濯足于恶人之血兮、

†[Xdv]义人因见罪人受罚而欣喜；他们要从恶人的血泊中走过来。

†[Kjv]The righteous shall rejoice when he seeth the vengeance: he shall wash his feet in the blood of the wicked.

†[Nkjv]The righteous shall rejoice when he sees the vengeance; He shall wash his feet in the blood of the wicked,

†[BBE]The upright man will be glad when he sees their punishment; his feet will be washed in the blood of the evil-doer.

†[GNT] The righteous will be glad when they see sinners punished; they will wade through the blood of the wicked.

†[NIV]The righteous will be glad when they are avenged, when they bathe their feet in the blood of the wicked.

本会注释　　欢喜。参申32:41-43。
　　洗脚。可能指战争时期的一种惯例（见诗68:23）。例如，乌加列文献（见本册注释第618页）就记载战争女神阿拿“用战士的血洗手”。

诗58:11 因此，人必说：义人诚然有善报；在地上果有施行判断的上帝！ (串)赛3:10|伯19:29林后5:10|诗9:8;50:6

†[吕]因此人必说：“义人真地有好的果报；地上真地有上帝在施行判罚。”

†[思]如此，众人都说：“义人果然获得了好的报酬，世上确有执行审判的天主！”

†[当代]这样，人人就都明白义人终有善报，地上确实有一位赏善罚恶的上帝。

†[新译]因此，人必说：“义人果然有善报；在世上确有一位施行审判的　神。”

†[Wlb]人则曰、义人果得赏赉、诚有上帝行鞫于世兮、

†[Xdv]这样，人要说：义人果然得到善报；果然有一位上帝在审判世界！

†[Kjv]So that a man shall say, Verily there is a reward for the righteous: verily he is a God that judgeth in the earth.

†[Nkjv]So that men will say, "Surely there is a reward for the righteous; Surely He is God who judges in the earth."

†[BBE]So that men will say, Truly there is a reward for righteousness; truly there is a God who is judge on the earth.

†[GNT] People will say, "The righteous are indeed rewarded; there is indeed a God who judges the world."

†[NIV]Then men will say, "Surely the righteous still are rewarded; surely there is a God who judges the earth."

本会注释　　人。即人人都会认识到上帝会干预人间的事务，赏义惩恶。
　　善报。直译是“果实”（见箴1:31；赛3:10；提前4:8）。
　　在地上果有施行判断。虽然有时上帝似乎让地上的罪恶和不公正暂时没有受到抑制，但实际上祂的圣目一直关注着恶人的罪行，并有详细的记录，到时候祂一定清算。但任何时候都有一个界限是恶人所不可逾越的。这就是尼布甲尼撒王在七年疯狂的时间里所学到的教训。

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